Durrance-Bagale Anna, Salman Omar Mukhtar, Omar Maryam, Alhaffar Mervat, Ferdaus Muhammad, Newaz Sanjida, Krishnan Sneha, Howard Natasha
Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London WC1H 9SH, United Kingdom.
Bart's Health NHS Trust, The Royal London Hospital, Whitechapel Road, London E1 1BB, United Kingdom.
J Migr Health. 2020;1-2:100028. doi: 10.1016/j.jmh.2020.100028.
The humanitarian cluster approach was established in 2005 but clarity on how lessons from humanitarian clusters can inform and strengthen health system responses to mass displacement in low and middle-income countries (LMIC) is lacking. We conducted a scoping review to examine the extent and nature of existing research and identify relevant lessons. We used Arksey and O'Malley's scoping framework with Levac's 2010 revisions and Khalil's 2016 refinements, focussing on identifying lessons from discrete humanitarian clusters that could strengthen health system responses to mass population displacement. We summarised thematically by cluster. Of 186 sources included, 56% were peer-reviewed research articles. Most related to health (37%), protection (18%), or nutrition (13%) clusters. Key lessons for health system responses included the necessity of empowering women; ensuring communities are engaged in decision-making processes (e.g. planning and construction of camps and housing) to strengthen trust and bonds between and within communities; and involving potential end-users in technological innovations development (e.g. geographical information systems) to ensure relevance and applicability. Our review provided evidence that non-health clusters can contribute to improving health outcomes using focussed interventions for implementation by government or humanitarian partners to inform LMIC health system responses to mass displacement.
人道主义群组方法于2005年确立，但目前仍缺乏关于如何将人道主义群组的经验教训应用于并加强中低收入国家卫生系统应对大规模人口流离失所情况的明确认识。我们开展了一项范围审查，以研究现有研究的范围和性质，并确定相关经验教训。我们采用了阿克西和奥马利的范围审查框架，并结合了莱瓦克2010年的修订版以及哈利勒2016年的细化版，重点是确定可加强卫生系统应对大规模人口流离失所情况的各个独立人道主义群组的经验教训。我们按群组进行了主题总结。在纳入的186份资料来源中，56%为同行评审研究文章。大多数与卫生群组（37%）、保护群组（18%）或营养群组（13%）相关。卫生系统应对的关键经验教训包括赋予妇女权力的必要性；确保社区参与决策过程（如营地和住房的规划与建设），以加强社区之间及社区内部的信任与联系；让潜在最终用户参与技术创新开发（如地理信息系统），以确保其相关性和适用性。我们的审查提供了证据，表明非卫生群组可通过有针对性的干预措施来改善健康结果，以供政府或人道主义伙伴实施，从而为中低收入国家卫生系统应对大规模流离失所情况提供参考。
