Macías I, del Collado F, Forte G
National Committee for the Study of Hypertension, Ministry of Public Health, Havana, Cuba.
Hypertension. 1988 Feb;11(2 Pt 2):I194-7. doi: 10.1161/01.hyp.11.2_pt_2.i194.
A hypertension detection and control program sponsored by the Pan-American Health Organization and the World Health Organization (PAHO/WHO) was carried out in an urban health district of Havana City, Cuba. A baseline (initial) survey was conducted on a random sample of the population (greater than or equal to 15 years of age) to assess the problem of hypertension in that community. Subsequently, we extended the program in the same area by taking the blood pressure of as many people as we could, and a health education program on hypertension was developed and implemented. All hypertensive persons were treated. We surveyed about 90% of the adult population (29,640) over a 5-year period. We then conducted a final survey on a second random sample of the population to assess the effect of the program. The response rate to the letter of invitation to visit the hypertension clinic was 50%; 30% of the recall appointments were missed, and the dropout rate was 18.6%. Seventy percent of the hypertensive persons had Stage I disease (PAHO/WHO) with normal electrocardiograms. Before the program, 15.7% of the total number of hypertensive persons surveyed in the area had the disease under good control, and this increased to 31% after the program. Mortality due to cerebrovascular disease was reduced from 11/10,000/yr to 7/10,000/yr, whereas mortality caused by myocardial infarction did not change.
由泛美卫生组织和世界卫生组织（PAHO/WHO）发起的一项高血压检测与控制项目在古巴哈瓦那市的一个城市健康区开展。对该社区随机抽取的（年龄大于或等于15岁）人群样本进行了基线（初始）调查，以评估该社区的高血压问题。随后，我们在同一地区扩大了项目，尽可能多地为人们测量血压，并制定和实施了一项关于高血压的健康教育项目。所有高血压患者均接受了治疗。在5年时间里，我们对约90%的成年人口（29,640人）进行了调查。然后，我们对该人群的第二个随机样本进行了最终调查，以评估该项目的效果。高血压诊所邀请信的回复率为50%；30%的召回预约被错过，失访率为18.6%。70%的高血压患者患有I期疾病（PAHO/WHO），心电图正常。在该项目实施前，该地区接受调查的高血压患者总数中有15.7%的病情得到良好控制，项目实施后这一比例增至31%。脑血管疾病导致的死亡率从每年11/10,000降至每年7/10,000，而心肌梗死导致的死亡率没有变化。
