James Lachlan P, Haycraft Jade, Pierobon Anthony, Suchomel Timothy J, Connick Mark
Sport and Exercise Science, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia.
Institute for Health and Sport (IHES), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3011, Australia.
J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. 2020 Dec 18;5(4):99. doi: 10.3390/jfmk5040099.
The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effect of a focused versus mixed-methods strength-power training plan on athletes undertaking high volumes of concurrent training. Fourteen junior elite male Australian football players were randomly assigned into either the focused or mixed group. Both training groups undertook a sequenced training intervention consisting of a four-week mesocycle emphasising heavy strength followed by a four-week mesocycle of high velocity emphasis. Training differed between groups by way of the degree of emphasis placed on the targeted attribute in each cycle and occurred during the preseason. Testing occurred pre- and post-training and consisted of the unloaded and loaded (+20 kg) countermovement jump (CMJ). Focused training elicited practical (non-trivial) improvements in flight time to contraction ratio (FT:CT) (g = 0.45, ±90% confidence interval 0.49) underpinned by a small reduction in contraction time (g = -0.46, ±0.45) and a small increase in braking (g = 0.36, ±0.42) and concentric phase mean force (g = 0.22, ±0.39). Conversely, the mixed group demonstrated an unchanged FT:CT (g = -0.13, ±0.56). Similar respective changes occurred in the loaded condition. Preferential improvements in FT:CT occur when a greater focus is placed on a targeted physical quality in a sequenced training plan of junior elite Australian football players during preseason training.
本研究的目的是确定集中式与混合式力量-功率训练计划对进行大量同步训练的运动员的影响。14名澳大利亚青少年精英男性足球运动员被随机分为集中训练组或混合训练组。两个训练组都进行了一个有序的训练干预，包括一个为期四周、强调大重量力量训练的中周期，随后是一个为期四周、强调高速度训练的中周期。两组训练的不同之处在于每个周期对目标属性的强调程度，且训练在季前赛期间进行。在训练前后进行测试，测试内容包括无负重和负重（+20公斤）的反向纵跳（CMJ）。集中训练使飞行时间与收缩时间之比（FT:CT）有了实际（显著）的改善（g = 0.45，90%置信区间为±0.49），这是由于收缩时间略有缩短（g = -0.46，±0.45）以及制动（g = 0.36，±0.42）和向心阶段平均力（g = 0.22，±0.39）略有增加。相反，混合训练组的FT:CT没有变化（g = -0.13，±0.56）。在负重条件下也出现了类似的各自变化。在季前训练期间，当在澳大利亚青少年精英足球运动员的有序训练计划中更专注于目标身体素质时，FT:CT会出现优先改善。
