中国西南地区越冬栽培稻的籽粒产量和品质及遗传多样性的田间表现。
Field performance on grain yield and quality and genetic diversity of overwintering cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.) in southwest China.
机构信息
Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Plant Environmental Adaptations, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, China.
出版信息
Sci Rep. 2021 Jan 19;11(1):1846. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-81291-8.
Understanding the field performance on grain yield and quality and the genetic diversity of overwintering (OW) cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.) across main crop (MC) and ratooning crop (RC) is the premise to make strategies for the future OW rice variety improvement in rice production. The present field experiments were conducted in RC of 2016, in MC of both 2017 and 2018, and RC in 2019 to identify genotypes OW rice that perform stable in terms of grain yield and quality across different climate conditions. The grain yield plant (GYP) and its components in six genotypes of OW rice exhibited significant difference across the 4 years (P ≤ 0.05), the maximum GYP in OW6 rice was harvested (60.28 g) in MC of 2017, but the minimum GYP in OW1 rice was harvested (33.01 g) in MC of 2018. Within six genotypes of OW rice, four grain shape traits displayed a relative small significant difference, four grain quality traits exhibited a relative small significant difference except for chalkiness rate (CR), there 226 pairs of significant PCC values between GYP and its components were calculated in all tested rice and varied from six in OW6 to eleven in OW1, there 130 pairs of significant PCC values among the four grain shape traits were calculated and ranged from twenty-one in OW1, 3, 5 to twenty-three in OW2, there 118 pairs of significant PCC values among the four grain quality traits were calculated and ranged from seventeen in OW2 to twenty-three in OW1. The numbers, directions, and size of PCC values for the grain yield and quality characters in all tested rice displayed a series of irregular variations. Six genotypes of OW rice were apparently distinguished by employing 196 pairs of simple-sequence repeats (SSRs) markers and exhibited abundant genetic diversity at the DNA level. Data from this study provide an extensive archive for the future exploration and innovation of overwintering cultivated rice variety.
了解越冬（OW）栽培稻在主季（MC）和再生季（RC）的籽粒产量和品质表现及遗传多样性，是未来 OW 水稻品种改良的前提。本研究在 2016 年 RC、2017 年和 2018 年 MC 以及 2019 年 RC 进行了田间试验，以确定在不同气候条件下籽粒产量和品质表现稳定的 OW 水稻基因型。在 4 年中（P≤0.05），6 个 OW 水稻基因型的植株籽粒产量（GYP）及其构成因素均有显著差异，OW6 水稻在 2017 年 MC 中获得最高 GYP（60.28g），而 OW1 水稻在 2018 年 MC 中获得最低 GYP（33.01g）。在 6 个 OW 水稻基因型中，4 个粒形性状有相对较小的显著差异，除垩白率（CR）外，4 个粒质性状有相对较小的显著差异，在所有检测的水稻中，共计算了 226 对 GYP 与其构成因素之间的显著 PCC 值，从 OW6 的 6 对到 OW1 的 11 对不等，在 4 个粒形性状中，共计算了 130 对显著 PCC 值，从 OW1 的 21 对到 OW2 的 3、5 对不等，在 4 个粒质性状中，共计算了 118 对显著 PCC 值，从 OW2 的 17 对到 OW1 的 23 对不等。所有检测水稻的产量和品质性状的 PCC 值的数量、方向和大小均呈现一系列不规则变化。利用 196 对简单重复序列（SSR）标记明显区分了 6 个 OW 水稻基因型，在 DNA 水平上表现出丰富的遗传多样性。本研究的数据为未来越冬栽培稻品种的探索和创新提供了广泛的档案。
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