Departamento de Oftalmologia, Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho", Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
Departamento de Oftalmologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Arq Bras Oftalmol. 2021 Jan-Feb;84(1):51-57. doi: 10.5935/0004-2749.20210009.
The goal of this study was to determine the impact of a mobile eye health unit on access to eye care and to generate a profile of the population requiring ophthalmic care by age, nature of their ophthalmic diseases, and optimal management.
The study was conducted in 14 cities in the southwest region of São Paulo, Brazil. Subjects included individuals who participate in the Brazilian Unified Health System who were in need of eye care. There were no restrictions on age, gender or socioeconomic status. Data was transferred to an Excel table for statistical analyses.
We evaluated 6,878 participants in this survey with mean age of 44 years (range 4 months to 96 years); 65.5% were female. Among the diagnoses, 78.6% presented with refractive errors, 9.6% presented with cataracts and 8.3% presented with pterygium. New corrective lenses were prescribed for 60.9% of the participants; 10% retained their existing lenses, ~28% required counseling only and18.1% of the participants were referred to a tertiary facility for specialized exams and/or surgical procedures. Of the participants who required outside referrals, 36.4% required oculoplastic/external eye surgery and 31.8% required cataract surgery.
The vast majority of patients presenting to a mobile eye health unit required prescriptions for corrective lenses. The rate of detection of ocular disorders was relatively high and the mobile unit provided effective treatment of refractive errors and referrals for specialized ophthalmic examinations and procedures. A mobile eye health unit can be an effective alternative method for improving access to basic eye care, for promoting eye health education and preventing blindness.
本研究旨在确定移动眼科医疗单位对获得眼科护理的影响，并根据年龄、眼科疾病性质和最佳管理方式，为需要眼科护理的人群建立一个概况。
本研究在巴西圣保罗州西南部的 14 个城市进行。研究对象包括参加巴西统一卫生系统的需要眼科护理的个人。年龄、性别或社会经济地位不受限制。数据被转移到 Excel 表格中进行统计分析。
我们对这项调查中的 6878 名参与者进行了评估，平均年龄为 44 岁（范围为 4 个月至 96 岁）；65.5%为女性。在诊断中，78.6%为屈光不正，9.6%为白内障，8.3%为翼状胬肉。为 60.9%的参与者开具了新的矫正镜片处方；10%保留了现有的镜片，约 28%仅需要咨询，18.1%的参与者被转介到三级医疗机构进行专门的检查和/或手术。在需要外部转诊的参与者中，36.4%需要眼整形/外眼手术，31.8%需要白内障手术。
绝大多数到移动眼科医疗单位就诊的患者需要配矫正镜片。眼部疾病的检出率相对较高，移动单位有效地治疗了屈光不正，并为专门的眼科检查和手术提供了转诊服务。移动眼科医疗单位可以成为改善基本眼科护理、促进眼保健教育和预防失明的有效替代方法。
