Disease Control and Prevention Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi 630 003, India; Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Aquaculture (RGCA), Marine Products Export Development Authority (MPEDA), Ministry of Commerce & Industry, Government of India, 3/197, Poompuhar Road, Karaimedu Village, Sattanathapuram P.O., Sirkali, Nagapattinam District, Tamil Nadu 609 109, India.
Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Aquaculture (RGCA), Marine Products Export Development Authority (MPEDA), Ministry of Commerce & Industry, Government of India, 3/197, Poompuhar Road, Karaimedu Village, Sattanathapuram P.O., Sirkali, Nagapattinam District, Tamil Nadu 609 109, India.
J Invertebr Pathol. 2021 Feb;179:107536. doi: 10.1016/j.jip.2021.107536. Epub 2021 Jan 17.
We surveyed 130 shrimp farms located on the eastern coast of India to determine the prevalence of emerging diseases in Litopenaeus vannamei and Penaeus monodon. Live shrimps were collected from the farms based on external symptoms. The biochemical, molecular, and histopathology results confirmed infection with Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (32.4%), Vibrio parahaemolyticus (27.7%), White Spot Syndrome Virus (25.4%), Vibrio alginolyticus (16.1%), Vibrio harveyi (13.1%), Monodon-type baculovirus (4.61%), and infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus (2.3%) in the collected shrimps. Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) occurred more frequently in L. vannamei than P. monodon, with the microsporidian spores in the hepatopancreas. In P. monodon, Monodon-type Baculovirus infection (33.3%) was dominant and small percentages of WSSV, IHHNV, V. alginolyticus, and V. harveyi were observed. A few ponds were observed with co-infection of EHP and WSSV (7.6%), V. parahaemolyticus and WSSV (4.6%) and also V. parahaemolyticus and EHP (6.1%). Among the Vibrio spp, V. parahaemolyticus showed the highest percentage of infection in L. vannamei. Overall, we found that shrimp were chiefly infected with EHP and V. parahaemolyticus. The impact of water quality parameters on shrimp diseases was not addressed in this study. In an antibiotic susceptibility study, V. parahaemolyticus isolated from L. vannamei ponds was susceptible to nitrofurantoin, chloramphenicol, oxytetracycline and tetracycline, but resistant to erythromycin and nalidixic acid. In a preliminary in vitro antibacterial activity assay, probiotics against V. parahaemolyticus showed high inhibitory activity and the results encourage further in-depth studies on the efficacy of probiotics for disease control and prevention in shrimp farms.
我们调查了印度东海岸的 130 个对虾养殖场，以确定凡纳滨对虾和斑节对虾新兴疾病的流行情况。根据外部症状从养殖场收集活对虾。生化、分子和组织病理学结果证实感染了对虾微孢子虫（32.4%）、副溶血弧菌（27.7%）、白斑综合征病毒（25.4%）、溶藻弧菌（16.1%）、哈维氏弧菌（13.1%）、单胞杆菌型杆状病毒（4.61%）和传染性造血器官坏死病毒（2.3%）。对虾微孢子虫（EHP）在凡纳滨对虾中的感染频率高于斑节对虾，在对虾肝胰腺中发现了微孢子虫孢子。在斑节对虾中，单胞杆菌型杆状病毒感染（33.3%）占主导地位，观察到少量的白斑综合征病毒、传染性造血器官坏死病毒、溶藻弧菌和哈维氏弧菌。少数池塘观察到对虾微孢子虫和白斑综合征病毒（7.6%）、副溶血弧菌和白斑综合征病毒（4.6%）以及副溶血弧菌和对虾微孢子虫（6.1%）的混合感染。在弧菌属中，副溶血弧菌在凡纳滨对虾中的感染率最高。总的来说，我们发现虾类主要感染对虾微孢子虫和副溶血弧菌。本研究未探讨水质参数对虾病的影响。在抗生素敏感性研究中，从凡纳滨对虾池塘中分离到的副溶血弧菌对呋喃妥因、氯霉素、氧氟沙星和四环素敏感，但对红霉素和萘啶酸耐药。在初步的体外抗菌活性试验中，针对副溶血弧菌的益生菌表现出高抑制活性，结果鼓励进一步深入研究益生菌对虾养殖场疾病控制和预防的功效。
