Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
Department of Botany, S.P. College, Srinagar, India.
Int J Phytoremediation. 2021;23(9):945-957. doi: 10.1080/15226514.2020.1870435. Epub 2021 Jan 21.
The present work was conducted to assess the effects of arsenic (As, 1000 µM), diphenyleneiodonium (DPI, 10 µM) and reduced glutathione (GSH, 500 µM) on . As treatment decreased plant growth and fresh and dry weight of shoot and root and also enhanced the accumulation of As. As stress also enhanced the oxidative stress biomarkers, hydrogen peroxide (HO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. However, the application of GSH decreased the content of HO and MDA by 43% and 55%, respectively, as compared to As treatment. The antioxidants like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) also enhanced with As stress. NADPH oxidase inhibitor, the DPI, enhances the effect of As toxicity by increasing the accumulation of As, HO, MDA. DPI also enhances the activity of antioxidant enzymes except GR and GST, However, the application GSH increased the plant growth and biomass yield, decreases accumulation of As, HO and MDA content in As as well as As + DPI treated plants. The thiols content [total thiol (TT), non-protein thiol (NPT) protein thiols (PT), and glutathione (GSH)] were decreased in the As + DPI treatment but supplementation of GSH enhanced them. The study reveals the beneficial role of GSH in mitigating the deleterious effects of Arsenic toxicity through its active involvement in the antioxidant metabolism, thiol synthesis and osmolyte accumulation. Apart from As, We provided the plants NADPH oxidase inhibitor, the diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), which boosts the As toxicity. At present, there is dearth of information pertaining to the effects of DPI on plants growth and their responses under heavy metal stress.GSH application reversed the effect of diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) under As stress preventing the oxidative damage to biomolecules through the modulation of different antioxidant enzymes. The application of GSH for As stressed soil could be a sustainable approach for crop production.
本研究旨在评估砷(As,1000µM)、二苯基碘(DPI,10µM)和还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH,500µM)对 的影响。As 处理降低了植株生长和地上部及根部的鲜重和干重,同时也增加了 As 的积累。As 胁迫还增加了氧化应激生物标志物过氧化氢(HO)和丙二醛(MDA)的含量。然而,与 As 处理相比,GSH 的应用使 HO 和 MDA 的含量分别降低了 43%和 55%。抗氧化剂如超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)和谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶(GST)也随着 As 胁迫而增强。NADPH 氧化酶抑制剂 DPI 通过增加 As、HO、MDA 的积累,增强了 As 毒性的作用。DPI 还增强了除 GR 和 GST 以外的抗氧化酶的活性,然而,GSH 的应用增加了植物生长和生物量产量,减少了 As 以及 As+DPI 处理植物中 As 的积累、HO 和 MDA 含量。巯基含量[总巯基(TT)、非蛋白巯基(NPT)、蛋白巯基(PT)和谷胱甘肽(GSH)]在 As+DPI 处理中降低,但 GSH 的补充增强了它们。本研究揭示了 GSH 通过积极参与抗氧化代谢、巯基合成和渗透物积累,在减轻砷毒性的有害影响方面的有益作用。除了 As 之外,我们还为植物提供了 NADPH 氧化酶抑制剂二苯基碘(DPI),它可以增强 As 的毒性。目前,关于 DPI 对植物生长及其在重金属胁迫下的反应的信息匮乏。GSH 的应用逆转了 DPI 在 As 胁迫下的作用,通过调节不同的抗氧化酶来防止生物分子的氧化损伤。在 As 胁迫土壤中应用 GSH 可能是一种可持续的作物生产方法。