Takami Yoshinori, Koieyama Hitoshi, Sasaki Nobuo, Iwai Takumi, Takaki Youki, Watanabe Takehiro, Miwa Yasutsugu
Verts Animal Hospital, 4-3-1 Morooka, Hakata-ku, Fukuoka-shi, Fukuoka 812-0894, Japan.
Reptile Clinic, 2F, Morishima Building, 3-2-3 Hongo, Bunkyou-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
J Vet Med Sci. 2021 Mar 11;83(3):435-440. doi: 10.1292/jvms.20-0315. Epub 2021 Jan 21.
Urolithiasis is a disease often seen in tortoises at veterinary hospitals, however there have been no comprehensive research reports of tortoises with urolithiasis in Japan. In this study, we analyzed tortoises diagnosed with urolithiasis at three domestic veterinary hospitals. Based on medical records, we assessed the diagnostic method, species, sex, body weight, dietary history, husbandry, clinical signs, clinical examination, treatment for urolithiasis, and clinical outcome. The total number of cases in the 3 facilities was 101. As for species of tortoises, the most common was the African spurred tortoise (Centrochelys sulcata) with 42 cases (41.6%), followed by the Indian star tortoise (Geochelone elegans) with 30 cases (29.7%). Six other species were confirmed to have calculi. Almost all cases (99 cases, 98%) had a single calculus, and only 2 had multiple calculi. The prevalence of urolithiasis for the total number of tortoises having visited to one institution during the same period was 5.1%. Of the 86 cases that underwent calculi removal, 64 (74.4%) were successfully removed via the vent, and the efficacy of this method was confirmed. Nineteen cases (22%) were approached via plastronotomy, among which only 2 died postoperatively. In this study, we could not clarify the relationship between calculi formation and diets or other husbandry factors.
尿石症是兽医医院中乌龟常见的疾病，然而在日本，尚未有关于乌龟尿石症的全面研究报告。在本研究中，我们分析了在国内三家兽医医院被诊断为尿石症的乌龟。基于病历，我们评估了诊断方法、物种、性别、体重、饮食史、饲养管理、临床症状、临床检查、尿石症治疗及临床结果。这三家机构的病例总数为101例。至于乌龟的种类，最常见的是苏卡达象龟（Centrochelys sulcata），有42例（41.6%），其次是印度星龟（Geochelone elegans），有30例（29.7%）。另外六种乌龟也被确诊患有结石。几乎所有病例（99例，98%）有单个结石，只有2例有多个结石。在同一时期到一家机构就诊的乌龟中，尿石症的患病率为5.1%。在86例接受结石取出术的病例中，64例（74.4%）通过泄殖腔成功取出结石，该方法的有效性得到了证实。19例（22%）通过腹甲切开术进行手术，其中只有2例术后死亡。在本研究中，我们未能阐明结石形成与饮食或其他饲养管理因素之间的关系。
