Li Lingfei, Sun Qiu, Chen Xiangqun, Jiang Zhaohua, Xu Yongjun
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
Polymers (Basel). 2021 Jan 17;13(2):285. doi: 10.3390/polym13020285.
The low dielectric constant of the nonpolar polymer poly(1-butene) (PB-1) limits its application as a diaphragm element in energy storage capacitors. In this work, Ba(ZrTi)O-coated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (BZT@MWCNTs) were first prepared by using the sol-gel hydrothermal method and then modified with polydopamine (PDA) via noncovalent polymerization. Finally, PB-1 matrix composite films filled with PDA-modified BZT@MWCNTs nanoparticles were fabricated through a solution-casting method. Results indicated that the PDA-modified BZT@MWCNTs had good dispersion and binding force in the PB-1 matrix. These characteristics improved the dielectric and energy storage performances of the films. Specifically, the PDA-modified 10 vol% BZT@ 0.5 vol% MWCNTs/PB-1 composite film exhibited the best dielectric performance. At 1 kHz, the dielectric constant of this film was 25.43, which was 12.7 times that of pure PB-1 films. Moreover, its dielectric loss was 0.0077. Furthermore, under the weak electric field of 210 MV·m, the highest energy density of the PDA-modified 10 vol% BZT@ 0.5 vol% MWCNTs/PB-1 composite film was 4.57 J·cm, which was over 3.5 times that of PB-1 film (≈1.3 J·cm at 388 MV·m).
非极性聚合物聚1-丁烯（PB-1）的低介电常数限制了其作为储能电容器隔膜元件的应用。在本工作中，首先采用溶胶-凝胶水热法制备了Ba(ZrTi)O包覆的多壁碳纳米管（BZT@MWCNTs），然后通过非共价聚合用聚多巴胺（PDA）对其进行改性。最后，通过溶液浇铸法制备了填充有PDA改性BZT@MWCNTs纳米粒子的PB-1基体复合薄膜。结果表明，PDA改性的BZT@MWCNTs在PB-1基体中具有良好的分散性和结合力。这些特性改善了薄膜的介电和储能性能。具体而言，PDA改性的10 vol%BZT@0.5 vol%MWCNTs/PB-1复合薄膜表现出最佳的介电性能。在1 kHz时，该薄膜的介电常数为25.43，是纯PB-1薄膜的12.7倍。此外，其介电损耗为0.0077。此外，在210 MV·m的弱电场下，PDA改性的10 vol%BZT@0.5 vol%MWCNTs/PB-1复合薄膜的最高能量密度为4.57 J·cm，是PB-1薄膜（在388 MV·m时≈1.3 J·cm）的3.5倍以上。
