College of Public Health and Human Sciences, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
Nutrients. 2021 Jan 18;13(1):261. doi: 10.3390/nu13010261.
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ2 gene Pro12Ala allele polymorphism ( Pro12Ala; rs1801282) has been linked to both cancer risk and dietary factors. We conducted the first systematic literature review of studies published before December 2020 using the PubMed database to summarize the current evidence on whether dietary factors for cancer may differ by individuals carrying C (common) and/or G (minor) alleles of the Pro12Ala allele polymorphism. The inclusion criteria were observational studies that investigated the association between food or nutrient consumption and risk of incident cancer stratified by Pro12Ala allele polymorphism. From 3815 identified abstracts, nine articles (18,268 participants and 4780 cancer cases) covering three cancer sites (i.e., colon/rectum, prostate, and breast) were included. CG/GG allele carriers were more impacted by dietary factors than CC allele carriers. High levels of protective factors (e.g., carotenoids and prudent dietary patterns) were associated with a lower cancer risk, and high levels of risk factors (e.g., alcohol and refined grains) were associated with a higher cancer risk. In contrast, both CG/GG and CC allele carriers were similarly impacted by dietary fats, well-known PPAR-γ agonists. These findings highlight the complex relation between Pro12Ala allele polymorphism, dietary factors, and cancer risk, which warrant further investigation.
过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体-γ2 基因 Pro12Ala 等位基因多态性（Pro12Ala；rs1801282）与癌症风险和饮食因素有关。我们使用 PubMed 数据库对截至 2020 年 12 月之前发表的研究进行了首次系统文献综述，以总结目前关于携带 Pro12Ala 等位基因多态性 C（常见）和/或 G（次要）等位基因的个体的饮食因素是否可能因癌症而有所不同的证据。纳入标准是观察性研究，这些研究调查了食物或营养素的消耗与按 Pro12Ala 等位基因多态性分层的癌症发病风险之间的关联。从 3815 篇摘要中，共纳入了 9 篇文章（18268 名参与者和 4780 例癌症病例），涵盖了三个癌症部位（即结肠/直肠、前列腺和乳房）。CG/GG 等位基因携带者比 CC 等位基因携带者受饮食因素的影响更大。高水平的保护因素（如类胡萝卜素和谨慎的饮食模式）与较低的癌症风险相关，而高水平的风险因素（如酒精和精制谷物）与较高的癌症风险相关。相比之下，CG/GG 和 CC 等位基因携带者均受到饮食脂肪的相似影响，而饮食脂肪是众所周知的 PPAR-γ 激动剂。这些发现突出了 Pro12Ala 等位基因多态性、饮食因素和癌症风险之间的复杂关系，这需要进一步研究。
