Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Jalan UMS 88450, Sabah, Malaysia.
Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Jalan UMS 88450, Sabah, Malaysia.
Molecules. 2021 Jan 19;26(2):499. doi: 10.3390/molecules26020499.
Marine aquaculture development is recently impeded by parasitic leech (Hirudinea, Piscicolidae) in Sabah, Malaysia. The parasitic leech infests a variety of cultured fishes in aquaculture facilities. In this study, we evaluated the antiparasitic activity of the chromatographic fractions of the medicinal plant methanol extract against and highlighted the potential metabolites responsible for the antiparasitic properties through liquid chromatography (LC)-quadrupole time-of-flight (QTOF)-mass spectrometry (MS) analysis. Out of seven fractions obtained through flash column chromatography techniques, three fractions demonstrated antiparasitic properties. Significant parasitic mortality was indicated by fraction 3 at a concentration of 2.50 mg/mL, all the leeches were killed in a time limit of 1.92 ± 0.59 min. followed by fraction 4 (14 mg/mL) in 34.57 ± 3.39 and fraction 5 (15.3 mg/mL) in 36.82 ± 4.53 min. LC-QTOF-MS analysis indicated the presence of secondary metabolites including phytosphingosine (), pyrethrosin (), haplophytine (), ivalin (), warburganal (), isodomedin () and pheophorbide a (), representing sphingoid, alkaloid, terpenoid, phenolic and flavonoid groups. Thus, our study indicated that the chromatographic fractions of demonstrated significant antiparasitic activity against the marine parasitic leeches due to the presence of potent antiparasitic bioactive compounds.
海洋水产养殖的发展在马来西亚沙巴州最近受到寄生蛭类（蛭形目，鱼蛭科）的阻碍。这种寄生蛭会侵袭水产养殖设施中的多种养殖鱼类。在这项研究中，我们评估了药用植物甲醇提取物的色谱馏分对的抗寄生虫活性，并通过液相色谱（LC）-四极杆飞行时间（QTOF）-质谱（MS）分析突出了负责抗寄生虫特性的潜在代谢物。通过闪式柱色谱技术获得的七个馏分中，有三个馏分表现出抗寄生虫特性。在 2.50 mg/mL 的浓度下，第 3 馏分显示出显著的寄生虫死亡率，所有的蛭类在 1.92 ± 0.59 min 内全部死亡。其次是第 4 馏分（14 mg/mL），在 34.57 ± 3.39 min 内，第 5 馏分（15.3 mg/mL）在 36.82 ± 4.53 min 内。LC-QTOF-MS 分析表明存在包括植物鞘氨醇（）、除虫菊素（）、哈普洛丁（）、伊伐林（）、沃伯苷（）、异大豆苷（）和脱镁叶绿酸 a（）在内的次生代谢物，代表鞘氨醇、生物碱、萜类、酚类和类黄酮类。因此，我们的研究表明，由于存在有效的抗寄生虫生物活性化合物，对海洋寄生蛭类具有显著的抗寄生虫活性。
