Kongtip Pornpimol, Nankongnab Noppanun, Pundee Ritthirong, Kallayanatham Nichcha, Pengpumkiat Sumate, Chungcharoen Jutamanee, Phommalachai Chavisa, Konthonbut Pajaree, Choochouy Nattagorn, Sowanthip Preecha, Khangkhun Phanthawee, Yimsabai Jutharak, Woskie Susan
Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, 420/1 Rajvidhi Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology, EHT, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
Toxics. 2021 Jan 19;9(1):16. doi: 10.3390/toxics9010016.
The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship of acute pesticide exposures and acute changes in thyroid hormones among Thai farmers. We recruited 78 farmers, who were scheduled to spray insecticides (chlorpyrifos and/or cypermethrin) or herbicides (paraquat and/or glyphosate). On the day before spraying, farmers collected their first morning void urine and went for blood collection. On the spray day, urine samples were collected at end of the spraying event and they were interviewed with questionnaires. The next morning, the first morning void urine and blood samples were collected. Blood samples were analyzed for thyroid hormones. Urine samples were analyzed for the metabolites of the pesticide sprayed. The results showed that the thyroid hormones, free triiodothyronine (FT3) and total triiodothyronine (T3) were significantly reduced as urinary chlorpyrifos metabolite increased the day after spraying. Total thyroxine (T4) significantly increased as cypermethrin metabolites increased the day after spraying. T4 significantly increased as urinary glyphosate levels increased; however, FT3 and T3 decreased significantly as urinary paraquat levels increased the day after spraying. These findings suggest that acute exposures to the pesticides chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, paraquat and glyphosate can produce acute effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis, acutely altering thyroid hormone levels.
本研究的目的是调查泰国农民急性农药暴露与甲状腺激素急性变化之间的关系。我们招募了78名农民，他们计划喷洒杀虫剂（毒死蜱和/或氯氰菊酯）或除草剂（百草枯和/或草甘膦）。在喷洒前一天，农民收集晨尿并进行采血。在喷洒当天，喷洒结束时收集尿液样本，并对他们进行问卷调查。第二天早上，收集晨尿和血样。对血样进行甲状腺激素分析。对尿液样本进行所喷洒农药代谢物的分析。结果显示，喷洒后一天，随着尿中毒死蜱代谢物增加，甲状腺激素、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸（FT3）和总三碘甲状腺原氨酸（T3）显著降低。随着喷洒后一天氯氰菊酯代谢物增加，总甲状腺素（T4）显著升高。随着尿中草甘膦水平升高，T4显著升高；然而，随着喷洒后一天尿中百草枯水平升高，FT3和T3显著降低。这些发现表明，急性接触农药毒死蜱、氯氰菊酯、百草枯和草甘膦可对下丘脑-垂体-甲状腺（HPT）轴产生急性影响，急性改变甲状腺激素水平。
