Department of Animal Reproduction with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 14, 10-957 Olsztyn, Poland.
Department of Internal Medicine with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 14, 10-957 Olsztyn, Poland.
Pol J Vet Sci. 2020 Dec;23(4):595-603. doi: 10.24425/pjvs.2020.135806.
The study was performed on 45 bitches in different cycle phases that were divided into the following groups: anoestrus (I, n=15), heat (pro-oestrus (n=7) or estrous (n=8) (II, n=15) and metestrus (III, n=15). Moreover, all experimental dogs were grouped according to their age: younger than 5 years (Y, n=35) and older than 5 years (O, n=10). The endometrial status was evaluated using cytological, bacteriological and biopsy samples obtained after ovariohysterectomy. The main uterine pathology diagnosed by biopsy was endometritis, since 40%-66% of bitches, independent of the experimental group, developed this condition. No significant differences were found among the cycle phase groups (p>0.05). By contrast, significant differences were found in the age groups; the prevalence of this pathology was higher in older bitches (p=0.0019). The general prevalence of cystic endometrial hyperplasia (CEH) and a normal endometrium (NE) was lower (6.7-26.7% vs 26.7-53.3%) in all groups, and no statistically significant differences were found between certain groups (p>0.05). The percentage of polymorphonuclear neutrophilic leukocytes (PMNs) in endometrial cytology was generally low (⟨ 2%) and did not differ significantly among the experimental groups (p=0.142). In general, a low degree of correlation was found between the diagnostic results by endometrial cytology and biopsy (Kappa Coefficient= 0.046). Positive bacteriological findings were found in approximately 50% of the bitches, independent of the cycle phase and health status of the endometrium. No correlation was found between the bacteriological and histopathological findings (p=0.883). In conclusion, uterine cytology is not a reliable diagnostic method to detect the subclinical inflammatory and degenerative uterine pathologies in cyclic bitches.
本研究对处于不同周期阶段的 45 只母犬进行了研究，将其分为以下几组：乏情期（I，n=15）、发情前期（n=7）或发情期（n=8）（II，n=15）和间情期（III，n=15）。此外，所有实验犬还根据年龄分为两组：5 岁以下（Y，n=35）和 5 岁以上（O，n=10）。通过卵巢子宫切除术获得的细胞学、细菌学和活检样本评估子宫内膜状态。通过活检诊断的主要子宫病理学是子宫内膜炎，因为 40%-66%的母犬，无论实验组如何，都患有这种疾病。在周期阶段组之间未发现显著差异（p>0.05）。相比之下，在年龄组之间发现了显著差异；老年母犬的这种病理发病率更高（p=0.0019）。所有组中囊性子宫内膜增生（CEH）和正常子宫内膜（NE）的总流行率较低（6.7-26.7%比 26.7-53.3%），并且在某些组之间未发现统计学上的显著差异（p>0.05）。子宫内膜细胞学中的多形核中性粒细胞（PMN）百分比通常较低（⟨2%），并且在实验组之间无显著差异（p=0.142）。一般来说，子宫内膜细胞学和活检的诊断结果之间存在低度相关性（Kappa 系数=0.046）。约 50%的母犬存在阳性细菌学发现，与周期阶段和子宫内膜的健康状况无关。细菌学和组织病理学发现之间未发现相关性（p=0.883）。总之，子宫细胞学不是检测周期性母犬亚临床炎症和退行性子宫病理学的可靠诊断方法。
