Silveira Marcelo V, Silvestrin Mateus, Vilela Eduardo C, de Rose Julio C, Arntzen Erik, Caetano Marcelo S
Universidade Federal do ABC - Center for Mathematics, Computing and Cognition (UFABC-CMCC), São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil.
Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.
J Exp Anal Behav. 2021 Jan;115(1):284-295. doi: 10.1002/jeab.662.
We examined equivalence-based N400 effects by comparing EEG data from participants with different experiences with equivalence testing. Before a priming task used in EEG measurement, Group 1 was given only matching-to-sample training trials whereas Group 2 was exposed to matching-to-sample training and equivalence probe trials. We asked whether exposure to the reinforcement contingency was sufficient to bring about an N400 outcome that might indicate potentially emergent equivalence relations or if such a response depended on experience with equivalence tests. Results showed robust N400 in both groups. Experience with equivalence tests did not further increase the N400 effects. Our findings add confirmatory evidence that equivalence relations may originate via the reinforcement contingency alone. Furthermore, complementary EEG data collected from priming tasks involving words from natural language showed functional overlap between laboratory-defined equivalence and natural word-based N400 effects.
我们通过比较来自不同等价性测试经验参与者的脑电图（EEG）数据，研究了基于等价性的N400效应。在用于EEG测量的启动任务之前，第一组仅进行样本匹配训练试验，而第二组则接受样本匹配训练和等价性探测试验。我们询问，接触强化偶然性是否足以产生可能表明潜在新兴等价关系的N400结果，或者这种反应是否取决于等价性测试的经验。结果显示两组均有明显的N400。等价性测试的经验并未进一步增加N400效应。我们的研究结果补充了确证性证据，表明等价关系可能仅通过强化偶然性产生。此外，从涉及自然语言词汇的启动任务中收集的补充EEG数据显示，实验室定义的等价性与基于自然词汇的N400效应之间存在功能重叠。
