Departament de Ciències Agràries i del Medi Natural, Universitat Jaume I (UJI), Castelló de la Plana, Spain.
Departament de Matemàtiques, Universitat Jaume I, UJI, Campus del Riu Sec, 12071, Castelló de la Plana, Spain.
Exp Appl Acarol. 2021 Feb;83(2):167-182. doi: 10.1007/s10493-020-00588-x. Epub 2021 Jan 22.
The generalist predator Euseius stipulatus (Athias-Henriot) and the Tetranychidae-specialist predators Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) and Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot play a key role in the regulation of Tetranychus urticae Koch in Spanish citrus orchards. Previous studies have shown that sour orange (Citrus aurantium L.) and Cleopatra mandarin (Citrus reshni hort. ex Tan.) display extreme resistance and susceptibility to T. urticae, respectively. When offered a choice between these two genotypes infested by T. urticae, E. stipulatus preferred Cleopatra mandarin, whereas the specialists did not show any preference. The present study was undertaken to check whether these preferences could be related to the feeding of E. stipulatus on the host plant and/or to differences in prey feeding on the two plants. Our results demonstrate that E. stipulatus is a zoophytophagous mite, which can engage in direct plant feeding in sour orange and Cleopatra mandarin, whereas neither N. californicus nor P. persimilis do so. Whereas Cleopatra mandarin provided a higher-quality prey/feeding substrate for E. stipulatus, which may be related to its phytophagy, no differences were observed for the two specialists. As higher constitutive and faster inducible defense against T. urticae in sour orange relative to Cleopatra mandarin plants result in sour orange supporting lower T. urticae densities and plant damage, our results demonstrate that pest regulation by specialist natural enemies may be more effective when prey feed on better defended plants.
通用捕食螨（Euseius stipulatus（Athias-Henriot））和植绥螨科（Tetranychidae）专食性捕食螨（Neoseiulus californicus（McGregor）和 Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot）在调控西班牙柑橘园中橘红实蝇（Tetranychus urticae Koch）方面发挥着关键作用。先前的研究表明，酸橙（Citrus aurantium L.）和克莱门氏小柑橘（Citrus reshni hort. ex Tan.）对 T. urticae 的抗性和敏感性分别达到极端水平。当 E. stipulatus 在受 T. urticae 感染的这两种基因型间存在选择时，它更倾向于克莱门氏小柑橘，而专食性捕食螨则没有表现出任何偏好。本研究旨在检查这些偏好是否与 E. stipulatus 取食宿主植物以及（或）捕食螨在这两种植物上的取食差异有关。我们的结果表明，E. stipulatus 是一种杂食性捕食螨，它可以在酸橙和克莱门氏小柑橘上进行直接的植物取食，而 N. californicus 和 P. persimilis 则不能。克莱门氏小柑橘为 E. stipulatus 提供了一种更高质量的猎物/取食基质，这可能与其植食性有关，但两个专食性捕食螨则没有表现出差异。由于酸橙植株对 T. urticae 具有更高的组成型和更快的诱导型防御，相对于克莱门氏小柑橘植株，这导致酸橙上的 T. urticae 密度和植物损伤较低，我们的结果表明，当猎物取食具有更好防御能力的植物时，专食性天敌对害虫的调控可能更为有效。
