Peking University School of Nursing, Beijing, China.
Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China.
J Nurs Manag. 2021 Jul;29(5):1329-1337. doi: 10.1111/jonm.13274. Epub 2021 Feb 4.
To analyse net effects of self-rated workload and nurse staffing (nurse-to-patient ratio and staff skill mix) on work engagement among clinical nurses.
Improving nurses' engagement is necessary to enhance patient outcomes, so factors that influence engagement should be explored.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in 1,428 registered nurses from 145 units of 11 hospitals. A hierarchical linear model was used to analyse the data.
Self-rated workload had a negative effect on engagement (β = -0.353, p < .001, effect size (f ) = 14.20%), while only one index of skill mix (percentage of nurses with ≤ 5 work years) had a significant effect on engagement, which was positive (β = 0.258, p < .05, f = 8.50%). These two variables explained 22.7% of the variance of engagement at the unit level (R = 22.7%, p < .05). No significant effect of staffing on self-rated workload was found.
Self-rated workload had more effect on engagement than did staffing, and factors that influence self-rated workload need to be explored.
Balancing the mix of experience levels in nursing teams may improve work engagement. Managers should pay attention to multiple strategies to motivate nurses to engage in work in clinical practice.
分析自我评估工作量和护士人力配置（护士与患者比例和员工技能组合）对临床护士工作投入的净效应。
提高护士的工作投入度对于改善患者结局至关重要，因此应探讨影响工作投入度的因素。
在 11 家医院的 145 个单元中，对 1428 名注册护士进行了横断面研究。采用分层线性模型对数据进行分析。
自我评估工作量对工作投入度有负面影响（β=-0.353，p<.001，效应量（f）=14.20%），而技能组合的仅一个指标（≤5 年工作年限的护士比例）对工作投入度有显著影响，呈正相关（β=0.258，p<.05，f=8.50%）。这两个变量解释了单位水平工作投入度的 22.7%（R²=22.7%，p<.05）。人员配置对自我评估工作量没有显著影响。
自我评估工作量对工作投入度的影响大于人员配置，需要探讨影响自我评估工作量的因素。
平衡护理团队中经验水平的组合可能会提高工作投入度。管理者应关注多种策略，激励护士在临床实践中投入工作。
