School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Lisburn Road 97, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
Int J Pharm. 2021 Feb 15;595:120243. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120243. Epub 2021 Jan 21.
Cardiovascular diseases constitute a number of conditions which are the leading cause of death globally. To combat these diseases and improve the quality and duration of life, several cardiac implants have been developed, including stents, vascular grafts and valvular prostheses. The implantation of these vascular prosthesis has associated risks such as infection or blood clot formation. In order to overcome these limitations medicated vascular prosthesis have been previously used. The present paper describes a 3D printing method to develop medicated vascular prosthesis using fused deposition modelling (FDM) technology. For this purpose, rifampicin (RIF) was selected as a model molecule as it can be used to prevent vascular graft prosthesis infection. Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and RIF were combined using hot melt extrusion (HME) to obtain filaments containing RIF concentrations ranging between 0 and 1% (w/w). These materials are capable of providing RIF release for periods ranging between 30 and 80 days. Moreover, TPU-based materials containing RIF were capable of inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. This behaviour was observed even for TPU-based materials containing RIF concentrations of 0.1% (w/w). TPU containing 1% (w/w) of RIF showed antimicrobial properties even after 30 days of RIF release. Alternatively, these methods were used to prepare dipyridamole containing TPU filaments. Finally, using a dual extrusion 3D printer vascular grafts containing both drugs were prepared.
心血管疾病是全球范围内导致死亡的主要原因之一。为了治疗这些疾病并提高生活质量和延长寿命，已经开发了几种心脏植入物，包括支架、血管移植物和瓣膜假体。这些血管假体的植入存在感染或血栓形成等风险。为了克服这些限制，以前曾使用过载药血管假体。本文介绍了一种使用熔融沉积建模（FDM）技术开发载药血管假体的 3D 打印方法。为此，选择利福平（RIF）作为模型分子，因为它可用于预防血管移植物假体感染。热塑性聚氨酯（TPU）和 RIF 采用热熔挤出（HME）技术结合使用，获得 RIF 浓度在 0 至 1%（w/w）之间的含 RIF 长丝。这些材料能够提供 30 至 80 天的 RIF 释放。此外，含 RIF 的 TPU 基材料能够抑制金黄色葡萄球菌的生长。即使是含 RIF 浓度为 0.1%（w/w）的 TPU 基材料也观察到了这种行为。含 1%（w/w）RIF 的 TPU 甚至在 30 天的 RIF 释放后也表现出抗菌性能。或者，这些方法被用于制备含 TPU 的双嘧达莫长丝。最后，使用双挤出 3D 打印机制备了同时含有两种药物的血管移植物。
