Liu Xianchen, Liu Lu, Yang Yanyun, Liu Zhen-Zhen, Jia Cun-Xian
Center for Public Health Initiatives, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA and Kelin Health Research, Montgomery, NJ, USA.
Department of Educational Psychology and Learning Systems, Florida State University, USA.
Sleep Med. 2021 Mar;79:94-100. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2021.01.001. Epub 2021 Jan 5.
The Nightmare Distress Questionnaire (NDQ) is the most common scale used to measure nightmare distress for its satisfactory psychometric properties. This study assessed the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of NDQ (NDQ-CV) in a large sample of adolescents.
The NDQ-CV consists of 14 items (12 original NDQ items, 1 modified NDQ item and 1 new item) to assess waking distress associated with nightmares. Each item is rated on a 5-point scale from 1 = Never to 5 = Always. Subjects used for psychometric assessment of the NDQ-CV were 11,831 participants of the Shandong Adolescent Behavior and Health Cohort in China. Participants completed the NDQ-CV and a structured questionnaire to assess nightmare frequency, sleep, anxiety/depression, and academic performance.
The NDQ-CV score ranged from 14 to 70 (M = 22.5, SD = 8.7). Internal consistency reliability coefficient was 0.90. Both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses yielded 2 dominant factors defined as nightmare general distress (10 items) and daytime reality perception (4 items). The NDQ-CV score was significantly correlated with short nocturnal sleep duration, anxiety/depression, insomnia, daytime sleepiness, and poor academic performance. Furthermore, NDQ-CV significantly predicted depressive symptoms 1 year later.
All data were self-reported.
The NDQ-CV appears to be a simple, reliable, and valid scale for assessing nightmare distresses in Chinese adolescents. Further studies are warranted to test the reliability and validity of the NDQ-CV with adult samples.
噩梦困扰问卷（NDQ）因其令人满意的心理测量学特性，是用于测量噩梦困扰的最常用量表。本研究在大量青少年样本中评估了中文版NDQ（NDQ-CV）的心理测量学特性。
NDQ-CV由14个项目组成（12个NDQ原始项目、1个修改后的NDQ项目和1个新项目），用于评估与噩梦相关的清醒时困扰。每个项目采用5级评分，从1 = 从不到5 = 总是。用于NDQ-CV心理测量评估的受试者为中国山东青少年行为与健康队列的11831名参与者。参与者完成了NDQ-CV和一份结构化问卷，以评估噩梦频率、睡眠、焦虑/抑郁和学业成绩。
NDQ-CV得分范围为14至70（M = 22.5，SD = 8.7）。内部一致性信度系数为0.90。探索性和验证性因素分析均产生了2个主要因素，分别定义为噩梦总体困扰（10个项目）和白天现实感知（4个项目）。NDQ-CV得分与夜间睡眠时间短、焦虑/抑郁、失眠、白天嗜睡和学业成绩差显著相关。此外，NDQ-CV显著预测了1年后的抑郁症状。
所有数据均为自我报告。
NDQ-CV似乎是一种用于评估中国青少年噩梦困扰的简单、可靠且有效的量表。有必要进一步开展研究，以检验NDQ-CV在成人样本中的信度和效度。
