Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.
J Fish Biol. 2021 May;98(5):1433-1449. doi: 10.1111/jfb.14688. Epub 2021 Feb 15.
Two fluviolacustrine lineages (SI1 Barbus and SI2 Barbus) of the Barbus genus have been recently detected in the Apulia-Campania ichthyogeographic district (southern Italy). The aim of this study was to determine the taxonomic status of these lineages by comparing them with the two already-established Italian fluviolacustrine species Barbus plebejus and Barbus tyberinus through a more in-depth molecular and morphological investigation. Genetic analyses were performed on both mitochondrial (cytochrome b) and nuclear (growth hormone paralog 2) DNA markers, and morphological analyses were carried out on specific age classes and purebred populations. Molecular analyses detected four evolutionary lineages at the mitochondrial level, whereas the nuclear data set highlighted the strict evolutionary relation between B. plebejus sensu stricto and the new lineages, converged in the B. plebejus complex clade. The morphological analyses allowed us to discriminate SI1 Barbus and SI2 Barbus from both B. plebejus and B. tyberinus. The new taxa could be discriminated by the greatest maximum body height and the longest pre-orbital distance, respectively. Both the new lineages have longer ventral and pectoral fins than B. plebejus and B. tyberinus, a larger caudal fin than B. tyberinus and a lower number of scales along the lateral line than B. plebejus. Both molecular and morphological results suggested the two southern Italian lineages could be considered as distinct endemic species: the formal description of the new species Barbus samniticus sp. nov. (i.e., SI1 Barbus) and the revalidation of Barbus fucini Costa, 1853 (i.e., SI2 Barbus) were thus proposed, and, for both species, molecular and morphological diagnosis were provided.
最近在普利亚-坎帕尼亚鱼地理区（意大利南部）发现了两个淡水湖泊血统（SI1 Barbus 和 SI2 Barbus）的 Barbus 属。本研究的目的是通过更深入的分子和形态学研究，将这些血统与已经确立的意大利淡水湖泊物种 Barbus plebejus 和 Barbus tyberinus 进行比较，以确定它们的分类地位。遗传分析分别在线粒体（细胞色素 b）和核（生长激素同工型 2）DNA 标记上进行，形态分析则在特定年龄类群和纯种群体上进行。分子分析在线粒体水平上检测到四个进化谱系，而核数据集则突出了 B. plebejus sensu stricto 与新谱系之间的严格进化关系，它们聚集在 B. plebejus 复合体进化枝中。形态分析使我们能够区分 SI1 Barbus 和 SI2 Barbus 与 B. plebejus 和 B. tyberinus。新分类群可以通过最大体高和最长眶前距离来区分。与 B. plebejus 和 B. tyberinus 相比，这两个新谱系的腹鳍和胸鳍较长，尾鳍较大，侧线鳞片较少。分子和形态学结果均表明，这两个意大利南部血统可以被视为独特的特有种：正式描述了新种 Barbus samniticus sp. nov.（即 SI1 Barbus）和重新确认了 Barbus fucini Costa, 1853（即 SI2 Barbus），并为这两个物种提供了分子和形态学诊断。
