Assistant Professor of Nursing, Ohio University, Athens, OH.
NASN Sch Nurse. 2021 May;36(3):149-154. doi: 10.1177/1942602X20981643. Epub 2021 Jan 24.
Children and adults with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes are at risk for severe hypoglycemia, an unpredictable and potentially life-threatening situation. Severe hypoglycemia creates low blood glucose levels in which a person has an altered mental status or physical symptoms that require assistance from another individual to treat the hypoglycemia. Treatment of severe hypoglycemia is a medical emergency and prompt treatment is important for the well-being of students with diabetes. If left untreated, severe hypoglycemia can lead to death. Glucagon is a medication used to treat severe hypoglycemia outside of a healthcare facility. Recently, more stable and easier to use formulations of glucagon have become available. The purpose of this pharmacology update is to describe two new formulations of ready to use glucagon: an intranasal and subcutaneous, autoinjector formulation.
1 型和 2 型糖尿病患儿和成人都有发生严重低血糖的风险，这是一种不可预测且可能危及生命的情况。严重低血糖会导致血糖水平降低，使患者出现精神状态改变或身体症状，需要他人协助治疗低血糖。严重低血糖的治疗属于医疗急救，及时治疗对糖尿病学生的健康非常重要。如果不治疗，严重低血糖可能导致死亡。胰高血糖素是一种在医疗机构外用于治疗严重低血糖的药物。最近，更稳定、更易用的胰高血糖素制剂已经问世。本药理学更新旨在描述两种新的即用型胰高血糖素制剂：鼻内和皮下自动注射器制剂。
