Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan.
Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
J Infect Chemother. 2021 Apr;27(4):653-655. doi: 10.1016/j.jiac.2021.01.004. Epub 2021 Jan 15.
Convalescent plasma transfusion (CPT), a potential therapy for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), requires strict quality control of the donor blood. Whether to confirm the disappearance of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA (RNAemia) in convalescent donor blood or not is unclear. Reports recommending the proof of viral disappearance from the blood are controversial. Foreseeing CPT in treating COVID-19 patients in Japan, we investigated RNAemia in 100 convalescent donors with mild, moderate, and severe COVID-19.
Between April 30 and July 30, 2020, we measured RNAemia in the plasma samples of donors with resolved COVID-19. Data on patients' demographics, comorbidities, pneumonia, treatment, and real-time polymerase chain reaction results for SARS-CoV-2 were collected. Date of onset of initial symptoms or date of positive testing (for asymptomatic patients) were self-reported by the patients. Disease severity was defined as: no, mild, moderate oxygen demand, or severe (requiring mechanical ventilation).
Of 100 donors (58 males [58.0%]; median age, 47 [range 22-69] years) screened as of July 30, 2020, 77 (77.0%); 19 (19.0%); and 4 (4.0%) had mild, moderate, and severe disease, respectively. Median time between onset and testing was 68.5 (range, 21-167) days. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was not detected in any of the plasma samples.
RNAemia was not found in recovered COVID-19 patients at least 21, 27, and 57 days after the onset of mild, moderate, and severe symptoms. Our study may contribute to determining a suitable time for collecting convalescent plasma from COVID-19 patients and to future CPT use.
恢复期血浆输注（CPT）是治疗 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的一种潜在疗法，需要对供体血液进行严格的质量控制。目前尚不清楚在恢复期供体血液中是否需要确认严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）RNA（RNAemia）的消失。建议从血液中清除病毒的报告存在争议。考虑到 CPT 在治疗 COVID-19 患者中的应用，我们在日本调查了 100 名轻度、中度和重度 COVID-19 恢复期供者的 RNAemia。
在 2020 年 4 月 30 日至 7 月 30 日期间，我们测量了已康复 COVID-19 患者的血浆样本中的 RNAemia。收集了患者的人口统计学、合并症、肺炎、治疗和 SARS-CoV-2 实时聚合酶链反应结果的数据。发病初始症状的日期或（对于无症状患者）阳性检测的日期由患者自行报告。疾病严重程度定义为：无、轻度、中度氧需求或重度（需要机械通气）。
截至 2020 年 7 月 30 日，共筛查了 100 名供者（58 名男性[58.0%]；中位年龄 47 岁[范围 22-69 岁]），其中 77.0%、19.0%和 4.0%分别为轻度、中度和重度疾病。发病与检测之间的中位时间为 68.5 天（范围 21-167 天）。所有血浆样本均未检测到 SARS-CoV-2 RNA。
至少在发病后 21、27 和 57 天，在轻度、中度和重度症状的 COVID-19 患者中未发现 RNAemia。我们的研究可能有助于确定从 COVID-19 患者采集恢复期血浆的合适时间，并为未来的 CPT 应用提供依据。
