Aguidissou Oscar N C, Boko Cyrille K, Adoligbe Camus M, Dete Clarisse H, Capo-Chichi Picole T, Akpo Yao, Koutinhouin Benoit G, Farougou Souaïbou
Communicable Diseases Research Unit, Applied Biology Research Laboratory, Ecole Polytechnique Abomey-Calavi, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 BP 2009, Cotonou, Benin.
Vet World. 2020 Dec;13(12):2681-2690. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.2681-2690. Epub 2020 Dec 17.
Laying hen breeding is on the rise in Benin; nevertheless, there are several sanitary constraints to its development, including bacterial diseases. Faced with this situation, breeders mainly resort to different means of treatment. The objective of this study was to assess the current state of hygiene measures, the bacterial diseases commonly encountered, and antibiotic therapy practices on laying hen farms in Benin.
A total of 200 laying hen farms were randomly selected from lists of laying hen farms obtained from veterinary offices, territorial agricultural development agencies, and the Benin National Union of Professional Aviculturists. Each visited farmer was subjected to a semi-structured questionnaire by direct interview. The results were compared using the bilateral Z-test.
The results of this survey revealed that 99.5% of the surveyed farms had a health and medical prophylaxis program although only 88.5% of them reported strictly adhering to it (p<0.001). About 25.0% of them reported that the dominant bacterial diseases they commonly encountered on their farms were salmonellosis, colibacillosis, and chronic respiratory disease. Only 7.0% of farmers said that they confirmed their diagnosis outside of clinical signs through laboratory analysis. To control these pathologies, 14.5% of farmers used only oxytetracycline, while 39.0% used other antibiotics such as colistin, enrofloxacin, tylosin, tylodox, flumequine, and norfloxacin. In comparison, 13.5% used a trimethoprim-sulfadimethoxine and sulfadimidine combination, while 32.0% said that they used erythromycin, oxytetracycline, streptomycin, neomycin, and colistin (p<0.001) combination.
This study highlights the inadequacies of hygiene and antibiotic therapy practices implemented on Benin's laying hen farms.
贝宁的蛋鸡养殖规模正在扩大；然而，其发展面临诸多卫生限制，包括细菌性疾病。面对这种情况，养殖户主要采用不同的治疗手段。本研究的目的是评估贝宁蛋鸡养殖场的卫生措施现状、常见的细菌性疾病以及抗生素治疗实践。
从兽医办公室、地区农业发展机构和贝宁全国专业家禽养殖者联盟获取的蛋鸡养殖场名单中随机选取了200个蛋鸡养殖场。通过直接访谈，对每位受访养殖户进行了半结构化问卷调查。使用双侧Z检验对结果进行比较。
本次调查结果显示，99.5%的受访养殖场有健康和医疗预防计划，但只有88.5%的养殖场报告严格遵守该计划（p<0.001）。约25.0%的养殖场报告称，其养殖场常见的主要细菌性疾病为沙门氏菌病、大肠杆菌病和慢性呼吸道疾病。只有7.0%的养殖户表示他们通过实验室分析在临床症状之外确诊。为控制这些疾病，14.5%的养殖户仅使用土霉素，而39.0%的养殖户使用其他抗生素，如黏菌素、恩诺沙星、泰乐菌素、泰乐多、氟甲喹和诺氟沙星。相比之下，13.5%的养殖户使用三甲氧苄氨嘧啶 - 磺胺二甲氧嘧啶和磺胺嘧啶组合，而32.0%的养殖户表示他们使用红霉素、土霉素、链霉素、新霉素和黏菌素（p<0.001）组合。
本研究突出了贝宁蛋鸡养殖场实施的卫生和抗生素治疗实践的不足之处。
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