Marcos Galván, Ex-Hacienda la Concepción S/N, 42160, Pachuca, Hidalgo, México.
J Nutr Health Aging. 2021;25(2):148-154. doi: 10.1007/s12603-020-1548-4.
During aging, loss of muscle strength (dynapenia) combined with unhealthy lifestyles and sedentarism can lead to functional limitations and dependency; currently there is still limited evidence about multicomponent training as a treatment for dynapenia and dependence in ambulatory older women.
To evaluate the effect of a multicomponent physical exercise program (VIVIFRAIL) on physical functionality in elderly ambulatory women with dynapenia.
DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: A non-randomized clinical trial was realized in 61 ambulatory older women (65-80 years old) with dynapenia that belonged from two Integral Gerontological Centers (IGC) of Hidalgo, Mexico, from June to December 2019.
The control group (CG) received the physical daily training applied in the IGC (yoga, cardio-dance or tai chi) and the intervention group (IG) participated in a multicomponent program training (resistance, flexibility, balance and gait) called "VIVIFRAIL" for 12 weeks, minimum 3 weekly sessions of 45-60 minutes.
All participants were evaluated at baseline (0 weeks), intermediate (6 weeks) and final (12 weeks), evaluations included glucose, blood pressure (SBP and DBP), anthropometric test, body composition evaluation and functional performance test with Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT), muscle strength and a falls risk short test.
52 older women completed the study, mean age was 71.9 ± 4.46. According to SPPB passport classification was 1 Type A, 1 Type B+, 9 Type C, 7 Type C+ and 9 Type D. After 12 weeks of intervention, statistical analysis showed that multicomponent exercise significantly improved strength (p=<0.001), gait speed (p<0.001), standing from a chair (p<0.001) and TUGT (p<0.001). About falls risk, intervention group went from 70% to 12.5% while control group went from 52.4% to 63.6% (p<0.05).
Older women who completed the 12 weeks multicomponent exercise program significantly improved their functionality in muscle strength, gait speed (3mt and 6mt), standing from a chair and TUGT tests. Also, it showed a significantly decrease in falls risk, therefore, this type of intervention can reduce the risk of frailty in the elderly.
随着年龄的增长，肌肉力量的丧失（肌力下降）加上不健康的生活方式和久坐不动，会导致功能受限和依赖；目前，关于多组分训练作为改善非卧床老年女性肌力下降和依赖的治疗方法，仍缺乏足够的证据。
评估多组分体育锻炼计划（VIVIFRAIL）对患有肌力下降的非卧床老年女性身体机能的影响。
设计、地点和参与者：这是一项非随机临床试验，于 2019 年 6 月至 12 月在墨西哥伊达尔戈州的两个综合老年学中心（IGC）招募了 61 名患有肌力下降的非卧床老年女性（65-80 岁）参与。
对照组（CG）接受 IGC 日常应用的物理训练（瑜伽、有氧舞蹈或太极），干预组（IG）则参加名为“VIVIFRAIL”的多组分方案训练（抗阻、灵活性、平衡和步态），每周至少 3 次，每次 45-60 分钟，持续 12 周。
所有参与者在基线（0 周）、中期（6 周）和最终（12 周）进行评估，评估内容包括血糖、血压（SBP 和 DBP）、人体测量测试、身体成分评估和功能表现测试，使用简易体能状况量表（SPPB）、计时起立行走测试（TUGT）、肌肉力量和跌倒风险简短测试。
52 名老年女性完成了研究，平均年龄为 71.9 ± 4.46 岁。根据 SPPB 护照分类，1 型 A、1 型 B+、9 型 C、7 型 C+和 9 型 D。经过 12 周的干预，统计分析表明，多组分运动显著改善了力量（p<0.001）、步态速度（p<0.001）、从椅子上站立（p<0.001）和 TUGT（p<0.001）。关于跌倒风险，干预组从 70%降至 12.5%，而对照组从 52.4%升至 63.6%（p<0.05）。
完成 12 周多组分运动计划的老年女性，其肌肉力量、步态速度（3 米和 6 米）、从椅子上站立和 TUGT 测试的功能显著改善。此外，跌倒风险显著降低，因此，这种干预类型可以降低老年人的虚弱风险。
