Department of Ophthalmology, Kindai University Nara Hospital, 1248-1 Otodacho, Ikoma City, Nara, 630-0293, Japan; Department of Ophthalmology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-higashi, Osakasayama City, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan.
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku City, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan.
Exp Eye Res. 2021 Mar;204:108459. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108459. Epub 2021 Jan 23.
The cornea is a relatively unique tissue in the body in that it possesses specific features such as a lack of blood vessels that contribute to its transparency. The cornea is supplied with soluble blood components such as albumin, globulin, and fibrinogen as well as with nutrients, oxygen, and bioactive substances by diffusion from aqueous humor and limbal vessels as well as a result of its exposure to tear fluid. The healthy cornea is largely devoid of cellular components of blood such as polymorphonuclear leukocytes, monocytes-macrophages, and platelets. The location of the cornea at the ocular surface renders it susceptible to external insults, and its avascular nature necessitates the operation of healing and defense mechanisms in a manner independent of a direct blood supply. The fibrinolytic system, which was first recognized for its role in the degradation of fibrin clots in the vasculature, has also been found to contribute to various biological processes outside of blood vessels. Fibrinolytic factors thus play an important role in biological defense of the cornea. In this review, we address the function of the fibrinolytic system in corneal defense including wound healing and the inflammatory response.
角膜是一种相对独特的组织，其特点是缺乏血管，这有助于其保持透明。角膜通过房水和缘血管扩散以及暴露于泪液来获得可溶性血液成分（如白蛋白、球蛋白和纤维蛋白原）以及营养物质、氧气和生物活性物质。健康的角膜中几乎没有血液的细胞成分，如多形核白细胞、单核细胞-巨噬细胞和血小板。角膜位于眼表面，容易受到外部伤害，其无血管性质需要在没有直接血液供应的情况下独立运作愈合和防御机制。纤溶系统最初因其在血管中降解纤维蛋白凝块的作用而被认识，也被发现参与血管外的各种生物学过程。因此，纤溶因子在角膜防御中起着重要作用。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了纤溶系统在角膜防御中的功能，包括伤口愈合和炎症反应。
