College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang 441053, China; Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
School of Chemical Engineering and Food Sciences, Hubei University of Arts and Sciences, Xiangyang 441053, China.
Food Chem. 2021 Jun 30;348:129065. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129065. Epub 2021 Jan 14.
Cultivated mushrooms inevitably absorb phthalate esters (PAEs) and potentially toxic metal(loid)s from plastic grow bags and substrate. The associated harm to consumers should be further clarified. This study measured six priority PAEs and nine metal(loid)s in eight mushroom varieties from greenhouses near Jingmen, Hubei, central China. The averaged total target PAE was between 8.60 ± 1.55 and 27.20 ± 5.90 mg kg dry weight. Levels of di-n-butyl phthalate in all samples and those of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in four mushroom species exceeded the maximum residual amount of China. Compared with the maximum levels of contaminants for foods in China, Cd in one and Pb in four mushroom species exceeded the limits. The estimated weekly intake of As, Cd, Cu, Hg, and Pb for different age groups was higher than the provisional tolerable weekly intake; however, there was no significant carcinogenic risks based on assessment of single or combined PAEs and metal(loid)s.
栽培蘑菇不可避免地会从塑料袋和基质中吸收邻苯二甲酸酯（PAEs）和潜在有毒金属（loid）。应进一步明确对消费者的相关危害。本研究在中国中部湖北省荆门市附近的温室中测量了八种蘑菇品种中的六种优先 PAEs 和九种金属（loid）。目标 PAE 的平均总量在 8.60 ± 1.55 和 27.20 ± 5.90 mg kg 干重之间。所有样品中均检测到邻苯二甲酸二丁酯，四种蘑菇中的邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯含量超过了中国的最大残留量。与中国食品中污染物的最大限量相比，一种蘑菇中的 Cd 和四种蘑菇中的 Pb 超过了限量。不同年龄组对 As、Cd、Cu、Hg 和 Pb 的估计每周摄入量均高于暂定每周耐受摄入量；然而，根据对单一或联合 PAEs 和金属（loid）的评估，不存在显著的致癌风险。
