Falk Katrin, Kammerer Kerstin
Institut für Gerontologische Forschung e. V., Torstr. 178, 10115, Berlin, Deutschland.
Z Gerontol Geriatr. 2022 Feb;55(1):19-26. doi: 10.1007/s00391-021-01846-2. Epub 2021 Jan 26.
Studies show risks in the psychopharmacological care of older people with long-term care needs. In developing recommendations on the handling of psychotropic drugs in outpatient long-term care, the perspective of care professionals has so far received only sporadic attention.
The study aims to explore perspectives in outpatient care on the use of psychopharmaceuticals in the care of older people in need of long-term care. The importance of the topic, problems in dealing with it, priorities of measures as well as knowledge and distribution of instruments are examined.
An online survey was used to interview personnel in leading positions in a random sample of 20% (n = 2957) of the 15,138 outpatient long-term care facilities licensed with a care contract in 2019. Statistical data analysis and content analysis of answers to open questions was conducted.
A total of 212 questionnaires was completed (7.2% response rate), 87.2% of the respondents evaluated the importance of dealing with psychotropic drugs as high and 46.2% were confronted with problems related to psychotropic drugs in their own work. Participants located problems predominantly with physicians (53.1%), but also with patients (19.6%), nursing staff (11.2%) and caring relatives (6.1%). The use of measures varied. Cooperation with physicians and-with less priority, but still important-the qualification of nursing staff and the involvement of caring relatives were named as central fields of action.
The heterogeneity of experiences and initial conditions regarding the handling of psychotropic drugs in outpatient long-term care should be taken into account when developing corresponding recommendations for action and implementation concepts.
研究表明，为有长期护理需求的老年人提供心理药物治疗存在风险。在制定门诊长期护理中精神药物使用的建议时，护理专业人员的观点迄今仅受到零星关注。
本研究旨在探讨门诊护理中在照顾有长期护理需求的老年人时使用精神药物的观点。研究考察了该主题的重要性、处理该问题时遇到的问题、措施的优先次序以及工具的知识和分布情况。
采用在线调查的方式，对2019年签订护理合同的15138家门诊长期护理机构中随机抽取的20%（n = 2957）的负责人进行访谈。对开放式问题的答案进行了统计数据分析和内容分析。
共完成212份问卷（回复率7.2%），87.2%的受访者认为处理精神药物的重要性很高，46.2%的受访者在自己的工作中遇到过与精神药物有关的问题。参与者主要认为医生存在问题（53.1%），但患者（19.6%）、护理人员（11.2%）和照顾亲属（6.1%）也存在问题。措施的使用各不相同。与医生的合作以及——优先级较低但仍然很重要——护理人员的资质和照顾亲属的参与被列为核心行动领域。
在制定相应的行动建议和实施概念时，应考虑门诊长期护理中精神药物使用经验和初始条件的异质性。
