Verdier Nina, Foran Gabrielle, Lepage David, Prébé Arnaud, Aymé-Perrot David, Dollé Mickaël
Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, CP6128 Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.
Total SA, 2 Pl. Millier, 92069 Paris La Défense, France.
Polymers (Basel). 2021 Jan 20;13(3):323. doi: 10.3390/polym13030323.
With the ever-growing energy storage notably due to the electric vehicle market expansion and stationary applications, one of the challenges of lithium batteries lies in the cost and environmental impacts of their manufacture. The main process employed is the solvent-casting method, based on a slurry casted onto a current collector. The disadvantages of this technique include the use of toxic and costly solvents as well as significant quantity of energy required for solvent evaporation and recycling. A solvent-free manufacturing method would represent significant progress in the development of cost-effective and environmentally friendly lithium-ion and lithium metal batteries. This review provides an overview of solvent-free processes used to make solid polymer electrolytes and composite electrodes. Two methods can be described: heat-based (hot-pressing, melt processing, dissolution into melted polymer, the incorporation of melted polymer into particles) and spray-based (electrospray deposition or high-pressure deposition). Heat-based processes are used for solid electrolyte and electrode manufacturing, while spray-based processes are only used for electrode processing. Amongst these techniques, hot-pressing and melt processing were revealed to be the most used alternatives for both polymer-based electrolytes and electrodes. These two techniques are versatile and can be used in the processing of fillers with a wide range of morphologies and loadings.
随着储能需求因电动汽车市场扩张和固定应用而不断增长，锂电池面临的挑战之一在于其制造成本和对环境的影响。目前主要采用的工艺是溶剂浇铸法，即将浆料浇铸在集流体上。该技术的缺点包括使用有毒且昂贵的溶剂，以及溶剂蒸发和回收所需的大量能源。无溶剂制造方法将是开发具有成本效益和环境友好型锂离子电池及锂金属电池的重大进展。本文综述了用于制造固体聚合物电解质和复合电极的无溶剂工艺。可描述为两种方法：基于热的方法（热压、熔融加工、溶解于熔融聚合物、将熔融聚合物掺入颗粒中）和基于喷雾的方法（电喷雾沉积或高压沉积）。基于热的工艺用于固体电解质和电极制造，而基于喷雾的工艺仅用于电极加工。在这些技术中，热压和熔融加工被证明是用于聚合物基电解质和电极的最常用替代方法。这两种技术用途广泛，可用于加工具有各种形态和负载量的填料。
