Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA.
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Biomolecules. 2021 Jan 22;11(2):141. doi: 10.3390/biom11020141.
The mitochondrial citrate/isocitrate carrier, CIC, has been shown to play an important role in a growing list of human diseases. CIC belongs to a large family of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial transporters that serve the fundamental function of allowing the transit of ions and metabolites through the impermeable mitochondrial membrane. Citrate is central to mitochondrial metabolism and respiration and plays fundamental activities in the cytosol, serving as a metabolic substrate, an allosteric enzymatic regulator and, as the source of Acetyl-Coenzyme A, also as an epigenetic modifier. In this review, we highlight the complexity of the mechanisms of action of this transporter, describing its involvement in human diseases and the therapeutic opportunities for targeting its activity in several pathological conditions.
线粒体柠檬酸/异柠檬酸载体（CIC）已被证明在一系列人类疾病中发挥着重要作用。CIC 属于一个大型的核编码线粒体转运蛋白家族，其基本功能是允许离子和代谢物通过不可渗透的线粒体膜进行转运。柠檬酸是线粒体代谢和呼吸的核心，在细胞质中发挥着基本的作用，作为代谢底物、别构酶调节剂，并且作为乙酰辅酶 A 的来源，也作为一种表观遗传修饰剂。在这篇综述中，我们强调了这种转运蛋白作用机制的复杂性，描述了其在人类疾病中的参与情况，以及在几种病理情况下靶向其活性的治疗机会。
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