Santarsiero Anna, Convertini Paolo, Iacobazzi Dominga, Infantino Vittoria, Todisco Simona
Department of Health Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
Department of Basic and Applied Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
Biomedicines. 2024 Nov 25;12(12):2684. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12122684.
The metabolic interplay between macrophages and cancer cells mirrors the plasticity of both kinds of cells, which adapt to the microenvironment by sustaining cell growth and proliferation. In this way, cancer cells induce macrophage polarization, and, on the other hand, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) contribute to the survival of cancer cells. In a simplified manner, macrophages can assume two opposite subtypes: M1, pro-inflammatory and anti-tumor phenotype, and M2, anti-inflammatory and protumor phenotype. How do cancer cells induce macrophage polarization? Any actor involved in tumor growth, including the mitochondria, releases molecules into the tumor microenvironment (TME) that trigger a subtype transition. These metabolic changes are the primary cause of this polarization. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the prevalent type of liver primary tumor, is characterized by cells with extensive metabolic adaptions due to high flexibility in different environmental conditions. This review focuses on the main metabolic features of M1 and M2 macrophages and HCC cells underlying their metabolic behavior in response to TME.
巨噬细胞与癌细胞之间的代谢相互作用反映了这两种细胞的可塑性，它们通过维持细胞生长和增殖来适应微环境。通过这种方式，癌细胞诱导巨噬细胞极化，另一方面，肿瘤相关巨噬细胞（TAM）有助于癌细胞的存活。简单来说，巨噬细胞可以呈现两种相反的亚型：M1，促炎和抗肿瘤表型，以及M2，抗炎和促肿瘤表型。癌细胞如何诱导巨噬细胞极化？任何参与肿瘤生长的因素，包括线粒体，都会将分子释放到肿瘤微环境（TME）中，从而引发亚型转变。这些代谢变化是这种极化的主要原因。肝细胞癌（HCC）是肝脏原发性肿瘤的常见类型，其特征是细胞由于在不同环境条件下具有高度灵活性而具有广泛的代谢适应性。本综述重点关注M1和M2巨噬细胞以及HCC细胞在响应TME时其代谢行为背后的主要代谢特征。
