Lantz D L, Sterman M B
Neuropsychology Research, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Sepulveda, California 91343.
Epilepsia. 1988 Mar-Apr;29(2):163-71. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1988.tb04414.x.
A battery of neuropsychological tests was administered at baseline, postcontrol period, and posttraining period to 24 drug-refractory subjects with epilepsy participating in a study of sensorimotor electroencephalographic (EEG) normalization feedback training. Results revealed the following. First, subjects exhibited significant baseline deficits in psychosocial, cognitive and motor functioning. Second, certain tests discriminated subjects before training who were subsequently above and below the median in seizure reduction following EEG training. Subjects who showed the greatest seizure reduction performed better on a test of general problem-solving ability but not on other cognitive tests and worse on tests involving strong motor components and were more intact psychosocially. These subjects also took significantly fewer medications in combination than did less successful subjects. Third, improvement on several measures occurred following participation in the study. Cognitive and motor functioning improved only in subjects with the greatest seizure reduction and only after actual training as opposed to control conditions. Psychological functioning, as measured by the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) improved in both outcome groups. MMPI improvement, unlike cognitive improvement, was as likely to occur after control conditions, when seizure reduction had not yet occurred, as after EEG training. Thus, MMPI changes apparently reflected the nonspecific benefits of participation in this study.
对24名参与感觉运动脑电图（EEG）标准化反馈训练研究的药物难治性癫痫患者，在基线期、对照期后和训练期后进行了一系列神经心理学测试。结果如下。首先，受试者在心理社会、认知和运动功能方面存在显著的基线缺陷。其次，某些测试能够区分训练前在EEG训练后癫痫发作减少程度高于和低于中位数的受试者。癫痫发作减少最多的受试者在一般问题解决能力测试中表现更好，但在其他认知测试中表现不佳，在涉及强烈运动成分的测试中表现更差，且心理社会功能更完整。与效果较差的受试者相比，这些受试者联合使用的药物也明显更少。第三，参与研究后，多项指标有所改善。只有癫痫发作减少最多的受试者在实际训练后，而非对照条件下，认知和运动功能才得到改善。通过明尼苏达多相人格调查表（MMPI）测量的心理功能在两个结果组中均有所改善。与认知改善不同，MMPI的改善在对照期后（此时癫痫发作尚未减少）和EEG训练后同样可能出现。因此，MMPI的变化显然反映了参与本研究的非特异性益处。
