Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK.
Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
Br J Pharmacol. 2021 Aug;178(16):3205-3219. doi: 10.1111/bph.15391. Epub 2021 Feb 27.
Retinal degeneration, characterised by the progressive death of retinal neurons, is the most common cause of visual impairment. Oxysterols are the cholesterol derivatives produced via enzymatic and/or free radical oxidation that regulate cholesterol homeostasis in the retina. Preclinical and clinical studies have suggested a connection between oxysterols and retinal degeneration. Here, we summarise early and recent work related to retina oxysterol-producing enzymes and the distribution of oxysterols in the retina. We examine the impact of loss of oxysterol-producing enzymes on retinal pathology and explore the molecular mechanisms associated with the toxic or protective roles of individual oxysterols in different types of retinal degeneration. We conclude that increased efforts to better understand the oxysterol-associated pathophysiology will help in the development of effective retinal degeneration therapies. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue on Oxysterols, Lifelong Health and Therapeutics. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v178.16/issuetoc.
视网膜变性，其特征是视网膜神经元的进行性死亡，是视力障碍的最常见原因。氧化固醇是通过酶和/或自由基氧化产生的胆固醇衍生物，可调节视网膜中的胆固醇稳态。临床前和临床研究表明氧化固醇与视网膜变性之间存在联系。在这里，我们总结了与视网膜氧化固醇产生酶相关的早期和最新工作，以及氧化固醇在视网膜中的分布。我们研究了氧化固醇产生酶缺失对视网膜病理的影响，并探讨了与不同类型的视网膜变性中单个氧化固醇的毒性或保护作用相关的分子机制。我们的结论是，需要加大努力更好地理解氧化固醇相关的病理生理学，这将有助于开发有效的视网膜变性治疗方法。 相关文章：本文是关于氧化固醇、终身健康和治疗学的专题的一部分。要查看该部分中的其他文章，请访问 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v178.16/issuetoc.
