"To Be, or Not to Be" a Nephrologist: Students' Dilemma and a Strategy for the Field.

The attractiveness of a career in nephrology has diminished over the past decades, leading to global concerns about the future of the specialty's workforce. The reasons physicians choose (and do not choose) a career in the field must be identified in order to boost recruitment of new nephrologists. In this article, a multilevel strategy is proposed to deal with the declining interest in the specialty: (1) increasing contact and providing early exposure to nephrology; (2) promoting mentoring and role models in medical schools; (3) improving the experience of trainees and medical students; (4) incorporating procedural skills and combined fellowship training with critical care in nephrology; (5) facilitating exchanges between trainees and young and senior nephrologists; (6) adopting an active approach to identify reasons for dissatisfaction, reduce burnout, and encourage a suitable work-life balance among nephrologists; (7) increasing remuneration; and (8) incentivizing advances in the field. Finally, a positive perspective for nephrology is presented to the next generation.