Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2021 May 1;16(5):628-633. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2020-0105. Epub 2021 Jan 28.
To analyze the predictive value of parameters of submaximal and maximal cardiopulmonary exercise performance on International Ski Federation (Fédération Internationale de Ski) World Cup ranking (FIS ranking) in elite Austrian Alpine skiers.
Over 7 World Cup seasons (2012-2018), exercise data (maximal oxygen uptake and maximum power output, lactate threshold 2, and ventilatory threshold 2, based on stepwise cycle spiroergometry) were analyzed to determine whether there was a correlation between world FIS ranking and exercise capacity of male and female elite Alpine skiers.
The data of 39 male skiers (age: 27.67 [4.20] y, body mass index: 26.03 [1.25] kg/m2) and 36 female skiers (age: 25.49 [3.18] y, body mass index: 22.97 [1.71] kg/m2) were included in this study. The maximum oxygen uptake and maximum power output ranged from 4.37 to 4.42 W/kg and 53.41 to 54.85 mL/kg/min in men and from 4.17 to 4.30 W/kg and 45.96 to 49.16 mL/kg/min in women, respectively, over the 7 seasons; the yearly mean FIS ranking ranged from 17 to 24 in men and 9 to 18 in women. In a fixed-effects model used for the subsequent panel regression analysis, no statistically significant effect on FIS ranking was found for the exercise parameters of interest.
Neither maximal aerobic tests nor maximum power output significantly predicted competitive performance, as indexed by the FIS ranking. This reinforces the assumption that no single parameter determines competition performance in this complex sport. Therefore, identifying the optimum amount of endurance training remains a major challenge for athletes and coaches, as does identifying and improving the factors that determine performance.
分析次最大和最大心肺运动表现参数对精英奥地利高山滑雪运动员国际滑雪联合会（Fédération Internationale de Ski）世界杯排名（FIS 排名）的预测价值。
在 7 个世界杯赛季（2012-2018 年）中，对运动数据（最大摄氧量和最大功率输出、乳酸阈 2 和通气阈 2，基于逐步递增的自行车测功计）进行了分析，以确定男性和女性精英高山滑雪运动员的世界 FIS 排名与运动能力之间是否存在相关性。
本研究纳入了 39 名男性滑雪运动员（年龄：27.67 [4.20] 岁，体重指数：26.03 [1.25] kg/m2）和 36 名女性滑雪运动员（年龄：25.49 [3.18] 岁，体重指数：22.97 [1.71] kg/m2）的数据。男性最大摄氧量和最大功率输出范围分别为 4.37 至 4.42 W/kg 和 53.41 至 54.85 mL/kg/min，7 个赛季中女性分别为 4.17 至 4.30 W/kg 和 45.96 至 49.16 mL/kg/min；男性运动员的年度平均 FIS 排名为 17 至 24，女性运动员为 9 至 18。在随后的面板回归分析中使用固定效应模型，未发现感兴趣的运动参数对 FIS 排名有统计学意义的影响。
最大有氧测试和最大功率输出均不能显著预测 FIS 排名所代表的竞技表现。这再次证实了这样一种假设，即在这项复杂的运动中，没有一个单一的参数可以决定比赛表现。因此，确定最佳的耐力训练量仍然是运动员和教练面临的主要挑战，确定并提高决定表现的因素也是如此。
