Dowling G P, Dickinson J A, Cooke C T
University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
J Forensic Sci. 1988 Jan;33(1):260-6.
Shotcup petal abrasions centered around a shotgun wound of entrance are generally thought to occur at a range of 30 to 90 cm. A suicidal .410-caliber shotgun injury of the right eye is described in which typical petal abrasions were noted around the entrance wound. However, significant soot deposition around the wound suggested that the range of fire was less than 30 cm and perhaps closer to 15 cm. Test-firing of the weapon and ammunition used by the decedent showed some spread of the shotcup petals at a range of 7.5 cm, progressing to maximum spread at 30 to 52.5 cm. Further testing with other .410 ammunition, containing shotcups, confirmed the spread of shotcup petals at ranges less than 30 cm, irrespective of manufacturer, shotshell length, and birdshot size. When a variety of shotguns were tested, it was found that one weapon with a very short barrel and cylinder bore did not exhibit petal spread until a range of 30 cm was reached. The remaining shotguns, with longer barrels and full choke, all demonstrated definite petal spread at a range of 12.5 cm. The long, narrow configuration of .410 shotcup petals may explain their early spread and the production of petal abrasions at ranges of less than 30 cm.
围绕霰弹枪入口伤口的弹杯花瓣状擦伤通常被认为发生在30至90厘米的距离范围内。本文描述了一例自杀性.410口径霰弹枪致右眼损伤的案例，在入口伤口周围发现了典型的花瓣状擦伤。然而，伤口周围大量的烟灰沉积表明射击距离小于30厘米，可能更接近15厘米。对死者使用的武器和弹药进行试射发现，弹杯花瓣在7.5厘米的距离有一定扩散，在30至52.5厘米的距离扩散到最大。使用其他含弹杯的.410弹药进行的进一步测试证实，无论制造商、霰弹长度和鸟弹尺寸如何，弹杯花瓣在小于30厘米的距离都会扩散。当对各种霰弹枪进行测试时，发现一支枪管极短且为圆筒形膛的武器直到30厘米的距离才出现花瓣扩散。其余枪管较长且为全堵塞式的霰弹枪，在12.5厘米的距离都出现了明显的花瓣扩散。.410弹杯花瓣长而窄的形状可能解释了它们为何会在小于30厘米的距离提前扩散并产生花瓣状擦伤。
