Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain.
Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain.
ESMO Open. 2021 Feb;6(1):100045. doi: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2020.100045. Epub 2021 Jan 27.
Lung cancer in young patients is an uncommon and understudied entity that harbors distinctive epidemiological, clinic-demographic, and genomic features. We carried out a systematic review of genomic profiling in young patients with lung cancer from 2010 to 2020 in the main electronic databases and selected 23 manuscripts. Lung cancer in young patients occurs more frequently in women with adenocarcinoma histology and at more advanced stages. Some studies report higher oncogenic genomic alteration in this population, with higher anaplastic lymphoma kinase rearrangements, a distinct profile of epidermal growth factor receptor mutations, and other novel genomic alterations. Although still uncommon, the implementation of next-generation sequencing (NGS) has shed some light on germline genomic alterations associated with lung cancer in young patients. Although outcomes when compared with the older population are conflicting, the overall prognosis is still poor in this subset of patients and efforts to find targetable genomic alterations should be made to improve survival.
年轻患者的肺癌是一种罕见且研究不足的疾病，具有独特的流行病学、临床人口统计学和基因组特征。我们对 2010 年至 2020 年主要电子数据库中年轻肺癌患者的基因组分析进行了系统回顾，共选择了 23 篇文献。年轻患者的肺癌更常发生在女性和腺癌组织学患者中，且处于更晚期。一些研究报告称，该人群中存在更高的致癌基因组改变，间变性淋巴瘤激酶重排率更高，表皮生长因子受体突变谱独特，以及其他新的基因组改变。虽然仍然罕见，但下一代测序（NGS）的实施为与年轻患者肺癌相关的种系基因组改变提供了一些线索。尽管与老年人群相比，结果存在争议，但该患者亚组的总体预后仍然较差，应努力寻找可靶向的基因组改变，以改善生存。
