自我估计的体重指数（BMI）而非自我感知的体型，能够准确识别美国成年人的不健康体重。
Self-estimated BMI, but not self-perceived body size, accurately identifies unhealthy weight in US adults.
作者信息
Smith Maia Phillips
机构信息
St. George's University School of Medicine, PO Box 7, True Blue, West Indies, Grenada.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2021 Jan 30;21(1):253. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-10316-8.
BACKGROUND
Self-perceptions of health and disease can be a major driver of health behaviors. Improving accuracy of self-ascertainment of obesity may prompt uptake of weight-control behaviors in those with obesity.
METHODS
We assess performance of self-perceived body size ('too small', 'about right' or 'too large'), self-estimated BMI in kg/m, and sociodemographics in detecting measured BMI category (under-, normal-, overweight and obese; BMI cutpoints 18.5, 25 and 30) in first bivariate and then multivariable models.
RESULTS
Of 37,281 adults in the US from NHANES, 2, 34, 33 and 32% were under-, normal-, overweight and obese. Respectively 56, 73, 60 and 91% self-perceived as 'too small', 'about right', 'too large' and 'too large.' Of those who self-perceived as 'too small', 22% were underweight and 10% were overweight or obese. 99.7% of obese participants self-estimated a BMI in the overweight/obese range, including many who did not self-perceive as 'too large'. Among obese participants, self-perception as either 'about right' or 'too small' was more likely for those who were younger (OR for perception as 'too large' 1.01 per year, 95% confidence interval 1.00-1.01) male (OR 0.33, (0.28-0.39)) nonwhite (ORs 0.36-0.79 for different ethnicities), low-income (ORs 0.61 and 1.8 for the lowest and highest of six categories, vs. the third) or measured recently (OR 0.98 (0.96-1.0) per year since 1999). Misperception was less common, but still existed, for participants with moderate or severe obesity (ORs 2.9 (2.3-3.5) and 7.9 (5.4-12), vs. 'mild.') (all p < 0.01.) CONCLUSIONS: A tenth of adults in the US with obesity, especially those from overweight peer groups, self-perceive as normal or underweight and thus may not be motivated to control their weight. However, virtually all self-estimate an overweight or obese BMI. If measured BMI is not available, self-estimates are sufficiently accurate that interventions may rely on it to identify obesity.
背景
对健康和疾病的自我认知可能是健康行为的主要驱动因素。提高肥胖自我判定的准确性可能会促使肥胖者采取体重控制行为。
方法
我们首先在单变量模型中，然后在多变量模型中评估自我感知的体型（“太小”、“合适”或“太大”）、自我估计的体重指数（kg/m）以及社会人口统计学特征在检测测量的体重指数类别（体重过轻、正常、超重和肥胖；体重指数切点分别为18.5、25和30）方面的表现。
结果
在美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）的37281名成年人中，体重过轻、正常、超重和肥胖的比例分别为2%、34%、33%和32%。分别有56%、73%、60%和91%的人自我感觉“太小”、“合适”、“太大”和“太大”。在那些自我感觉“太小”的人中，22%体重过轻，10%超重或肥胖。99.7%的肥胖参与者自我估计的体重指数处于超重/肥胖范围内，其中包括许多自我感觉并非“太大”的人。在肥胖参与者中，年龄较小者（自我感觉“太大”的比值比为每年1.01，95%置信区间为1.00 - 1.01）、男性（比值比为0.33，（0.28 - 0.39））、非白人（不同种族的比值比为0.36 - 0.79）、低收入者（六个类别中最低和最高类别与第三类相比，比值比分别为0.61和1.8）或最近测量过的人（自1999年以来每年的比值比为0.98（0.96 - 1.0））更有可能自我感觉为“合适”或“太小”。对于中度或重度肥胖参与者，错误认知较少见但仍然存在（与“轻度”相比，比值比分别为2.9（2.3 - 3.5）和7.9（5.4 - 12））（所有p < 0.01）。结论：美国十分之一的肥胖成年人，尤其是那些来自超重同龄人组的人，自我感觉正常或体重过轻，因此可能没有动力控制体重。然而，几乎所有人都自我估计超重或肥胖的体重指数。如果无法获得测量的体重指数，自我估计足够准确，干预措施可以依靠它来识别肥胖。
Zotero 插件