Cajita Maan Isabella, Cajita Tara Rafaela, Han Hae-Ra
Maan Isabella Cajita, BSN, RN-BC PhD Student, School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland. Tara Rafaela Cajita, BSN, RN-BC Registered Nurse, Advocate Health Care, Park Ridge, Illinois. Hae-Ra Han, PhD, RN, FAAN Associate Professor, School of Nursing, Department of Community-Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2016 Mar-Apr;31(2):121-30. doi: 10.1097/JCN.0000000000000229.
Low health literacy affects millions of Americans, putting those who are affected at a disadvantage and at risk for poorer health outcomes. Low health literacy can act as a barrier to effective disease self-management; this is especially true for chronic diseases such as heart failure (HF) that require complicated self-care regimens.
This systematic review examined quantitative research literature published between 1999 and 2014 to explore the role of health literacy among HF patients. The specific aims of the systematic review are to (1) describe the prevalence of low health literacy among HF patients, (2) explore the predictors of low health literacy among HF patients, and (3) discuss the relationship between health literacy and HF self-care and common HF outcomes.
A systematic search of the following databases was conducted, PubMed, CINAHL Plus, Embase, PsycINFO, and Scopus, using relevant keywords and clear inclusion and exclusion criteria.
An average of 39% of HF patients have low health literacy. Age, race/ethnicity, years of education, and cognitive function are predictors of health literacy. In addition, adequate health literacy is consistently correlated with higher HF knowledge and higher salt knowledge.
Considering the prevalence of low health literacy among in the HF population, nurses and healthcare professionals need to recognize the consequences of low health literacy and adopt strategies that could minimize its detrimental effect on the patient's health outcomes.
健康素养低影响着数百万美国人，使受影响者处于不利地位，并面临健康状况较差的风险。健康素养低可能成为有效疾病自我管理的障碍；对于诸如心力衰竭（HF）等需要复杂自我护理方案的慢性病来说尤其如此。
本系统评价研究了1999年至2014年发表的定量研究文献，以探讨健康素养在HF患者中的作用。该系统评价的具体目标是：（1）描述HF患者中健康素养低的患病率；（2）探索HF患者中健康素养低的预测因素；（3）讨论健康素养与HF自我护理及常见HF结局之间的关系。
使用相关关键词以及明确的纳入和排除标准，对以下数据库进行了系统检索：PubMed、CINAHL Plus、Embase、PsycINFO和Scopus。
平均39%的HF患者健康素养低。年龄、种族/民族、受教育年限和认知功能是健康素养的预测因素。此外，足够的健康素养始终与更高的HF知识和更高的盐知识相关。
鉴于HF人群中健康素养低的患病率，护士和医疗保健专业人员需要认识到健康素养低的后果，并采取能够将其对患者健康结局的不利影响降至最低的策略。
