胚胎早期急性短期高热应激对鹌鹑孵化率、生理机体反应和卵巢卵泡发育的影响。
Impact of acute short-term high thermal stress during early embryogenesis on hatchability, physiological body reaction, and ovarian follicles development of quails.
机构信息
Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.
Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt.
出版信息
Poult Sci. 2021 Feb;100(2):1213-1220. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.11.019. Epub 2020 Nov 19.
This experiment aimed to evaluate the impact of continuous and intermittent thermal stress during early embryogenesis on hatchability, physiological body reaction, ovary weight, and follicle development of quails. A total of 540 eggs were divided into 3 equal groups (3 groups × 6 replicates × 30 eggs). In the first group (control), eggs were incubated at normal incubation conditions (37.5°C and 50-55% relative humidity) from day 0 till hatching. In the second group (continuous thermal stress [CTS]), eggs were daily exposed to 39.5°C and 50 to 55% during the early embryogenesis for 3 successive days (E4-E6) for 3 h (12:00-15:00). In the third group (intermittent thermal stress [ITS]), eggs were daily exposed to 39.5°C and 50 to 55% during the early embryogenesis for 90 min (12:00-13:30) then temperature was returned to 37.5°C for 60 min (13:30-14:30) after that the temperature was raised again for 39.5°C for 90 min (14:30-16:00) daily for 3 successive days (E4-E6). The findings showed that the highest relative water loss form egg (RWL/%) at 6 d of incubation was obtained in the CTS group (P ≤ 0.05). The hatchability rate was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) decreased in the thermal-treated groups compared with the control group. The body surface temperature and cloacal temperature in the CTS and ITS groups significantly (P ≤ 0.001) increased compared with the control group. Chick weight (g) at 5 wk old, total weight gain, daily weight gain were significantly lower (P ≤ 0.05) in the CTS group compared with the control group. Triiodothyronine (T3) hormone concentration and globulin level were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) lower in the CTS and ITS groups compared with the control. The ovarian follicle weights (first, second, third, fourth, and fifth) and the diameter of the large follicle (fifth follicle) were significantly (P ≤ 0.01) decreased by increasing incubation temperature. From these findings, it could be concluded that the hatchability and body weight at sexual maturity for quails produced from eggs exposed to CTS and IST were significantly decreased by 8 and 2.1% as well as 2.98 and 2.1%, respectively, compared with the control group.
本实验旨在评估早期胚胎发育过程中持续和间歇热应激对鹌鹑孵化率、生理身体反应、卵巢重量和卵泡发育的影响。将 540 枚蛋分为 3 组（每组 6 个重复，每组 30 枚蛋）。第一组（对照组）蛋在正常孵化条件下（37.5°C 和 50-55%相对湿度）孵化至孵化。第二组（持续热应激 [CTS]）蛋在 E4-E6 期间每天暴露于 39.5°C 和 50 至 55%，持续 3 天，每天 3 小时（12:00-15:00）。第三组（间歇热应激 [ITS]）蛋在 E4-E6 期间每天暴露于 39.5°C 和 50 至 55%，持续 90 分钟（12:00-13:30），然后温度在 13:30-14:30 期间降至 37.5°C，之后温度再次升高 90 分钟（14:30-16:00），连续 3 天。结果表明，孵化 6 天时，CTS 组蛋的相对水分损失（RWL/%）最高（P≤0.05）。与对照组相比，热处理组的孵化率显著降低（P≤0.05）。与对照组相比，CTS 和 ITS 组的体表温度和泄殖腔温度显著升高（P≤0.001）。与对照组相比，5 周龄时鸡的体重（g）、总增重和日增重显著降低（P≤0.05）。与对照组相比，CTS 和 ITS 组三碘甲状腺原氨酸（T3）激素浓度和球蛋白水平显著降低（P≤0.05）。随着孵化温度的升高，卵巢卵泡重量（第一、第二、第三、第四和第五）和大卵泡直径（第五卵泡）显著降低（P≤0.01）。从这些发现可以得出结论，与对照组相比，暴露于 CTS 和 IST 的蛋所产鹌鹑的孵化率和性成熟体重分别显著降低了 8%和 2.1%，以及 2.98%和 2.1%。
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