Department of Cattle Breeding and Milk Quality Evaluation, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland.
Anim Sci J. 2021 Jan-Dec;92(1):e13516. doi: 10.1111/asj.13516.
This study was designed to compare the fatty acid profiles of four types of fat depots from bulls, steers, and heifers. All animals were Polish Holstein-Friesian and Limousin crossbreds fattened semi-intensively-silage at libitum and concentrate in the amount corresponding to 30% of their net energy requirements. The fatty acid profile in intramuscular, intermuscular, and external and internal fat was determined. The intramuscular fat of bulls was most abundant in total PUFAs and n-6 PUFAs, and functional fatty acids C 18:2, C 20:4, and C 22:5 in comparison with steers and heifers. Regardless of sex category, intramuscular and external fat were characterized by higher levels of UFAs and a more desirable MUFA/SFA ratio than the remaining fat types. It should also be noted that external fat was more abundant in CLA than other fat types, and that the highest CLA content was found in bull fat, compared with the remaining sex categories of cattle.
本研究旨在比较公牛、阉牛和小母牛 4 种脂肪组织的脂肪酸谱。所有动物均为波兰荷斯坦-弗里生牛与利木赞牛的杂交品种，半集约化饲养，自由采食青贮料，按其净能需要的 30%补饲精料。对肌肉内、肌肉间、外部和内部脂肪的脂肪酸谱进行了测定。与阉牛和小母牛相比，公牛的肌肉内脂肪总多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）和 n-6 多不饱和脂肪酸（n-6 PUFAs）含量最高，功能性脂肪酸 C 18:2、C 20:4 和 C 22:5 含量也最高。无论性别如何，肌肉内和外部脂肪的 UFA 含量较高，MUFA/SFA 比值优于其他脂肪类型。还应注意的是，外部脂肪的 CLA 含量高于其他脂肪类型，与其余牛的性别类别相比，公牛脂肪中的 CLA 含量最高。
