Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Agricultural Research Center - Hays, Hays, KS, USA.
Pest Manag Sci. 2021 Jun;77(6):2795-2803. doi: 10.1002/ps.6311. Epub 2021 Feb 16.
Oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta (Busck) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is a cosmopolitan pests of fruit trees in temperate regions. Control of G. molesta is challenging because larvae feed in concealed locations and have evolved resistance to many pesticides. We compared three commercially available species of Trichogramma for efficacy against G. molesta in the laboratory assays and tested releases of the promising species in a pear orchard.
Laboratory assays indicated that Trichogramma dendrolimi parasitized G. molesta at the highest rate. Parasitoids took longer to oviposit in older host eggs, and fewer eggs were parasitized when they were more than 3 days old. Field tests produced ca 60% cumulative parasitism of sentinel G. molesta eggs with one release of Trichogramma dendrolimi, with most parasitism occurring within 24 h. Female wasps dispersed up to 12 m from release points with a bias toward upwind movement.
We calculated that, for each generation of G. molesta, 900 000 wasps per hectare, in three releases 3 days apart, each distributed among release points 10 m apart, would reduce fruit damage by half in an orchard where 50% of fruit would otherwise be damaged. Although augmentation of Trichogramma dendrolimi is a viable tactic for reducing G. molesta populations and fruit damage, it will require integration with other compatible control tactics in order to provide commercially acceptable levels of control in orchards experiencing significant pest pressure. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
东方果实蝇，Grapholita molesta（Busck）（鳞翅目：卷蛾科）是一种分布广泛的温带果树害虫。由于幼虫在隐蔽的地方觅食并且已经对许多杀虫剂产生了抗性，因此控制 G. molesta 具有挑战性。我们比较了三种市售的 Trichogramma 对实验室测定中 G. molesta 的功效，并在梨园测试了有前途的物种的释放。
实验室测定表明， Trichogramma dendrolimi 寄生 G. molesta 的比率最高。寄生蜂在较老的宿主卵中产卵需要更长的时间，并且当它们超过 3 天时，被寄生的卵更少。田间试验产生了约 60％的累积寄生率，一次释放 Trichogramma dendrolimi，其中大多数寄生发生在 24 小时内。雌性黄蜂从释放点分散到 12 米处，具有顺风运动的偏向。
我们计算出，对于每一代 G. molesta，每公顷释放 900 万只黄蜂，分三次释放，每次释放间隔 3 天，每个释放点间隔 10 米，在一个 50％的果实否则会受到伤害的果园中，将减少一半的果实损害。虽然增加 Trichogramma dendrolimi 是减少 G. molesta 种群和果实损害的可行策略，但它需要与其他相容的控制策略相结合，以便在遭受严重虫害压力的果园中提供商业上可接受的控制水平。 © 2021 化学工业协会。
