University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Microcirculation. 2021 Apr;28(3):e12682. doi: 10.1111/micc.12682. Epub 2021 Feb 17.
The lymphatic system is a vast network of vessels that functions to return excess fluid from the interstitial space to the blood stream. Lymphovenous shunts are anastomoses, either natural or surgical, that connect the lymphatic and venous systems. Connections between the thoracic duct and venous system or between the right lymphatic duct and venous system are prime examples of anatomic lymphovenous shunts. Lymphovenous shunts are also present peripherally in tissues such as lymph nodes. Furthermore, pathologic lymphovenous shunts are observed in conditions such as lymphedema, malignancy, and lymphovenous malformations. Surgically, lymphovenous shunts may be constructed as an approach to treat lymphedema. Here, we discuss anatomic and surgical lymphovenous shunts in the context of normal development and disease. This perspective is intended to give an understanding of the role of lymphovenous shunts in health and disease and to show how they can be leveraged to treat disease surgically.
淋巴系统是一个庞大的血管网络，其功能是将间质空间中的多余液体返回到血液中。淋巴静脉分流术是一种将淋巴系统和静脉系统连接起来的吻合术，既有天然的也有手术形成的。胸导管和静脉系统之间或右淋巴导管和静脉系统之间的连接是解剖学上淋巴静脉分流术的主要例子。淋巴静脉分流术也存在于淋巴结等组织的外周。此外，在淋巴水肿、恶性肿瘤和淋巴静脉畸形等疾病中也观察到病理性淋巴静脉分流术。在手术中，淋巴静脉分流术可作为治疗淋巴水肿的一种方法。在这里，我们将讨论正常发育和疾病背景下的解剖学和手术淋巴静脉分流术。这种观点旨在了解淋巴静脉分流术在健康和疾病中的作用，并展示如何利用它们来进行手术治疗疾病。
