Department of Food and Nutrition, P.O. Box 66, 00014, University of Helsinki, Finland; Folkhälsan Research Center, Topeliuksenkatu 20, 00250, Helsinki, Finland.
Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 9, 00014, Finland.
Appetite. 2021 Jun 1;161:105140. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105140. Epub 2021 Jan 29.
Consistently linked with children's food consumption are food availability and accessibility. However, less is known about potential individual differences among young children in their susceptibility to home food environments. The purpose of the study was to examine whether the association between home food availability and accessibility of sugar-rich foods and drinks (SFD) or fruits and vegetables (FV) and children's consumption of these foods differ according to their temperament. The study used two cross-sectional datasets collected as part of the Increased Health and Wellbeing in Preschools (DAGIS) study: 1) a cross-sectional data of 864 children aged 3-6 years old collected between fall 2015 and spring 2016, and 2) an intervention baseline data of 802 children aged 3-6 collected in fall 2017. Parents reported their children's temperament, consumption of FV and SFD, and home availability and accessibility of SFD and FV. Examination of whether associations between home availability and accessibility of FV and their consumption differ according to children's temperament involved using linear regression models. Similar models were used to examine association between home availability and accessibility of SFD and their consumption, and the moderating role of temperament. The association between home accessibility of SFD and their consumption frequency was dependent on the level of children's negative affectivity. More frequent consumption of SFD was observed with higher home accessibility of SFD. The association was stronger in children with higher scores in negative affectivity. No other interactions were found. Children with higher negative affectivity are possibly more vulnerable to food cues in the home environment than children with lower negative affectivity. Consideration of children's individual characteristics is necessary in supporting their healthy eating.
儿童的食物消费与食物的可得性和可及性密切相关。然而，对于幼儿在家中对食物环境的易感性方面的潜在个体差异，人们了解较少。本研究旨在探讨家庭中高糖食物和饮料（SFD）或水果和蔬菜（FV）的供应和可得性与儿童对这些食物的消费之间的关联是否因儿童的气质不同而有所不同。该研究使用了作为“增加幼儿园健康和福利（DAGIS）”研究一部分收集的两个横断面数据集：1）2015 年秋季至 2016 年春季期间收集的 864 名 3-6 岁儿童的横断面数据，以及 2）2017 年秋季收集的 802 名 3-6 岁儿童的干预基线数据。父母报告了他们孩子的气质、FV 和 SFD 的消费情况以及 SFD 和 FV 的家庭供应和可得性。通过线性回归模型，检验了 FV 和 SFD 的家庭供应和可得性与其消费之间的关联是否因儿童的气质而异。还使用了类似的模型来检验 SFD 的家庭供应和可得性与其消费之间的关联以及气质的调节作用。SFD 的家庭可及性与其消费频率之间的关联取决于儿童的负性情绪水平。SFD 的家庭可及性越高，其消费频率越高。在负性情绪得分较高的儿童中，这种关联更强。没有发现其他相互作用。与负性情绪得分较低的儿童相比，负性情绪得分较高的儿童可能更容易受到家庭环境中食物线索的影响。在支持儿童健康饮食方面，需要考虑儿童的个体特征。
