Riccò Matteo, Vezzosi Luigi, Ranzieri Silvia, Balzarini Federica, Mezzoiuso Angelo Giosuè, Vaccaro Fabrizio Giovanni
Azienda USL di Reggio EmiliaV.le Amendola n.2 - 42122 REServizio di Prevenzione e Sicurezza negli Ambienti di Lavoro (SPSAL)Dip. di Prevenzione.
Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale di Cremona, Direzione Medica Ospedale di Cremona.
Acta Biomed. 2020 Nov 10;91(4):e2020187. doi: 10.23750/abm.v91i4.8810.
Describing knowledge, attitudes and beliefs about leprosy amongst Medical Professionals in a nonendemic area (Parma Province, North-Western Italy).
A cross-sectional study was carried among a sample of Medical Professionals (MP; No. 242) during June and July 2019 as an on-line self-administered questionnaire including 21 true/false items about epidemiology, diagnosis, and clinical characteristics of leprosy. Effectors of better knowledge status (KS) and higher risk perception (RP) were assessed through calculation of respective multivariate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) in two logistic regression analysis models.
A total of 102 questionnaires were retrieved (participation rate 42.1%; 67.6% of respondents < 50 year-old). Of them, 10.8% had previously interacted with at least one leprosy case. Knowledge status (KS) was unsatisfying (59.7% correct answers), and also RP was relatively low, as 91.2% of them acknowledged leprosy as a severe disease, but only 42.2% identified leprosy as highly communicable. Knowledge gaps affected particularly understanding of epidemiology and non-dermatological issues. Moreover, 30.4% of respondents ignored that a treated leprosy case may remain in the community before disease eradication. The main effector of KS was having interacted with a leprosy case (OR 4.881 95%CI 1.245-36.905), while RP was negatively associated with a better KS (OR 0.094 95%CI 0.027-0.334), and working as general practitioner (OR 0.133 95%CI 0.031-0.562).
While individual expertise of European MP on leprosy slowly disappears, significant knowledge gaps and the high share of misconceptions collectively stress that refresher training may improve early diagnosis and management of incident cases.
描述非麻风流行地区（意大利西北部帕尔马省）医学专业人员对麻风病的知识、态度和信念。
2019年6月至7月，对医学专业人员样本（242人）进行了一项横断面研究，采用在线自填问卷，其中包括21道关于麻风病流行病学、诊断和临床特征的是非题。通过在两个逻辑回归分析模型中计算各自的多变量优势比（OR）和95%置信区间（95%CI），评估知识水平（KS）较高和风险认知（RP）较高的影响因素。
共收回102份问卷（参与率42.1%；67.6%的受访者年龄小于50岁）。其中，10.8%的人此前曾与至少一例麻风病患者有过接触。知识水平（KS）不尽人意（正确答案率为59.7%），风险认知（RP）也相对较低，因为91.2%的人承认麻风病是一种严重疾病，但只有42.2%的人认为麻风病具有高度传染性。知识差距尤其影响对流行病学和非皮肤病问题的理解。此外，30.4%的受访者忽视了在疾病根除之前，接受治疗的麻风病患者可能仍留在社区中。知识水平（KS）的主要影响因素是曾与麻风病患者有过接触（OR 4.881，95%CI 1.245 - 36.905），而风险认知（RP）与较高的知识水平（KS）呈负相关（OR 0.094，95%CI 0.027 - 0.334），并且与全科医生的工作相关（OR 0.133，95%CI 0.031 - 0.562）。
虽然欧洲医学专业人员对麻风病的个人专业知识正在逐渐消失，但显著的知识差距和高比例的误解共同强调，进修培训可能会改善新发病例的早期诊断和管理。
