Peters Tim, Foust Carol
Colorado State University Pueblo, 2200 Bonforte Blvd, Pueblo, CO, 81001, USA.
J Cannabis Res. 2019 Jun 7;1(1):2. doi: 10.1186/s42238-019-0002-0.
Currently, with the legalization of cannabis and the opening of recreational dispensaries in states across the country, the question of whether or not proximity to recreational cannabis dispensaries affects high school students in terms of their cannabis use, their perceptions of the accessibility of cannabis and their perceptions on the harmfulness and wrongfulness of using cannabis is particularly relevant and timely. In 2014 in Colorado, Amendment 64 went into effect and communities were allowed to legally permit recreational cannabis dispensaries; some communities agreed to permit the opening of recreational dispensaries while other communities did not. Using data from the cross-sectional Healthy Kids Colorado Survey collected from students in randomly selected high schools in both 2013 and 2015, data on student use and perceptions towards cannabis use was analyzed comparing communities that permitted recreational cannabis dispensaries and communities that did not.The random cross-sectional design used a 2X2 factorial ANOVA for each of the dependent factors: use, access, wrongfulness, and harm. There were a total of three communities that permitted recreational dispensaries, and within those three communities, data was collected from seven high schools. There were four communities that did permit recreational dispensaries, and within those four communities, data was collected from five high schools. The data were aggregated into two groups: 'yes' allows dispensaries, and 'no' does not allow dispensaries. These two groups were used as comparisons in the factorial ANOVA along with the two collection event years of 2013 and 2015.The analysis indicates differences between students in communities that have never permitted recreational cannabis dispensaries and students in communities that opened recreational dispensaries in 2014. Students in communities that permitted recreational dispensaries used more cannabis, thought cannabis was less harmful, less wrong, and was more difficult to access than high school students in communities that did not permit recreational cannabis dispensaries, however these differences existed before and after recreational dispensaries were introduced in 2014.Looking at each type of community to see if there was a change between 2013 and 2015, there were no statistically significant differences between students in 2013 and 2015 in each type of community with one exception; students in communities that did not permit recreational cannabis dispensaries felt even more strongly in 2015 that cannabis use is wrong compared to 2013. Based on the 2013 and 2015 Healthy Kids Colorado Survey data, permitting or not permitting recreational cannabis dispensaries in a community does not appear to change student cannabis use or perceptions towards cannabis.
目前，随着大麻合法化以及全国各地娱乐性大麻药房的开业，娱乐性大麻药房的 proximity 对高中生大麻使用、对大麻可及性的认知以及对使用大麻的危害性和错误性的认知是否有影响这一问题显得尤为相关且及时。2014年在科罗拉多州，第64号修正案生效，社区被允许合法批准娱乐性大麻药房；一些社区同意批准娱乐性大麻药房开业，而其他社区则不同意。利用2013年和2015年从随机挑选的高中学生中收集的科罗拉多州健康儿童横断面调查数据，分析了学生使用大麻情况以及对大麻使用的认知数据，比较了批准娱乐性大麻药房的社区和未批准的社区。随机横断面设计对每个因变量（使用、可及性、错误性和危害性）采用2×2析因方差分析。共有三个社区批准了娱乐性药房，在这三个社区内，从七所高中收集了数据。有四个社区未批准娱乐性药房，在这四个社区内，从五所高中收集了数据。数据被汇总为两组：“是”表示允许药房，“否”表示不允许药房。这两组数据与2013年和2015年这两个收集年份的数据一起用于析因方差分析中的比较。分析表明，从未批准娱乐性大麻药房的社区的学生与2014年开设娱乐性大麻药房的社区的学生之间存在差异。批准娱乐性大麻药房的社区的学生比未批准娱乐性大麻药房的社区的高中生使用更多大麻，认为大麻危害性更小、错误性更低且更难获取，然而这些差异在2014年引入娱乐性药房之前和之后都存在。查看每种类型的社区在2013年至2015年之间是否有变化，除了一个例外，每种类型社区的2013年和2015年的学生之间没有统计学上的显著差异；与2013年相比，2015年未批准娱乐性大麻药房的社区的学生更强烈地认为使用大麻是错误的。根据2013年和2015年科罗拉多州健康儿童调查数据，社区批准或不批准娱乐性大麻药房似乎不会改变学生的大麻使用情况或对大麻的认知。 （注：原文中“proximity”翻译为“接近度”不太符合语境，这里保留英文未翻译，因为不清楚具体所指的与药房的某种空间或关系上的“接近度”确切含义，可能是“附近”之类的意思，但不确定，需结合更多背景信息准确理解。）
