Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Whitechapel, E1 2AD London, United Kingdom.
Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, School of Dental Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Int Orthod. 2021 Mar;19(1):88-95. doi: 10.1016/j.ortho.2020.12.004. Epub 2021 Jan 30.
The aim of this study was to compare the stability of overjet reduction in adolescents treated with either orthodontic camouflage involving extraction of premolar units or functional appliance therapy.
A retrospective cohort study was undertaken with data collected at pre-treatment (T0), debond (T1) and 12 months post-treatment (T2). The primary outcome measure was stability of overjet reduction, and secondary outcome measures included Angle's molar relationship, and Little's Irregularity Index score.
Forty-two Class II participants, 18 treated with a functional appliance and 24 with camouflage, were included with a mean pre-treatment age of 13.07 years (SD 1.72), with 23 (55%) being female. Mean overjet reduction during treatment in the functional appliance group was 6.99mm with relapse of just 0.62mm present at 12 months post-treatment. In the orthodontic camouflage group, there was a mean overjet reduction of 3.54mm with relapse of 0.27mm at 12 months post-treatment. Linear regression analysis confirmed no statistical difference (P=0.501) in overjet relapse between both treatment groups at 12 months post-treatment, adjusting for overjet at baseline. A further regression analysis revealed no significant association between overjet relapse and pre-treatment skeletal discrepancy, labial segment crowding, retention regime or compliance with the retention protocol.
Both functional appliance and orthodontic camouflage therapies appear to have good antero-posterior occlusal stability, with minor degrees of overjet relapse occurring over a 12-month follow-up period. There was no significant difference between the treatments in relation to overjet relapse, buccal segment interdigitation or anterior irregularity.
本研究旨在比较使用拔牙的正畸掩饰治疗或功能矫治器治疗青少年患者时，前牙覆牙合的减少是否稳定。
回顾性队列研究，数据收集于治疗前（T0）、拆除矫治器时（T1）和治疗后 12 个月（T2）。主要结局测量指标为前牙覆牙合减少的稳定性，次要结局测量指标包括安氏磨牙关系和 Little 不调指数评分。
共纳入 42 名安氏Ⅱ类错牙合患者，18 名接受功能矫治器治疗，24 名接受掩饰性正畸治疗，平均治疗前年龄为 13.07 岁（SD 1.72），女性 23 名（55%）。功能矫治器组治疗期间前牙覆牙合平均减少 6.99mm，治疗后 12 个月复发仅 0.62mm。在正畸掩饰性治疗组中，前牙覆牙合平均减少 3.54mm，治疗后 12 个月复发 0.27mm。线性回归分析证实，在治疗后 12 个月时，两组之间的前牙覆牙合复发无统计学差异（P=0.501），调整了基线时的前牙覆牙合。进一步的回归分析显示，前牙覆牙合复发与治疗前的骨骼差异、唇侧段拥挤、保持方案或保持协议的依从性之间无显著相关性。
功能矫治器和正畸掩饰治疗都具有良好的前后向咬合稳定性，在 12 个月的随访期间，前牙覆牙合出现轻微复发。在与前牙覆牙合复发、颊侧段相互嵌入或前牙不调相关的方面，两种治疗方法之间无显著差异。
