Angeletti Chiara, Angeletti Paolo Matteo, Paesani Martina, Guetti Cristiana, Gyra Aglaia, Perseo Gianluca, Ciccozzi Alessandra, Marinangeli Franco, Altobelli Emma
Operative Unit of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Civil Hospital G. Mazzini of Teramo, Teramo, Italy.
Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
J Pain Res. 2021 Jan 25;14:107-115. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S245792. eCollection 2021.
Pain is a symptom that should be evaluated along with its comorbidities in order to plan an effective holistic treatment strategy involving specific pharmacological interventions, side effect management, psychological support, control of therapeutic effects over time, and dialogue with the patient and their relatives. In this holistic process of caring for patients with pain, nurses play a central role as they deal with suffering patients directly and continuously. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the types of pain identified by nurses in their daily clinical practice and the associated comorbidities (anamnestic history taking) by geographical region and to evaluate the pharmacological strategies used.
A cross-sectional survey was performed among 696 registered nurses in Italy. Data were collected using an online questionnaire.
There was a significant difference between geographical regions in terms of reports of acute and chronic pain: acute pain was more frequently reported in the South (63.5%), while chronic pain was more frequent in the Central region (32.3%; p=0.0008). Additionally, chronic oncological pain was more frequent in the Northeast (29.6%), while chronic non-oncological pain was more frequently reported in the Central region (33.9%; p=0.0001). The underlying pain disorders reported were also different between geographical regions; rheumatic pain (21.8%) and neurological pain (18.6%) were more frequent in the Central region, while musculoskeletal pain was significantly more frequent in the South (43.4%; p=0.004). Anxiety, sleep disorders and somatization were found in acute pain (60.82%, 43.56% and 53.12%), while depression and mood disorders were more frequently detected in chronic pain condition (p<0.001).
Our study showed differences among Italian regions in pain assessment. Specific education on pain management nursing is essential for nurses. Promotion of optimal nursing care for people affected by pain is the main focus of pain management nursing. Nowadays, nurses should focus on personalized complex care and research in order to improve the patient's quality of life.
疼痛是一种症状，应连同其合并症一起进行评估，以便制定有效的整体治疗策略，包括特定的药物干预、副作用管理、心理支持、长期治疗效果控制以及与患者及其亲属的沟通。在对疼痛患者进行整体护理的过程中，护士发挥着核心作用，因为他们直接且持续地与痛苦的患者打交道。本研究的目的是评估护士在日常临床实践中识别出的疼痛类型以及按地理区域划分的相关合并症（病史采集），并评估所采用的药物治疗策略。
对意大利的696名注册护士进行了横断面调查。通过在线问卷收集数据。
急性和慢性疼痛报告在地理区域之间存在显著差异：急性疼痛在南部报告更为频繁（63.5%），而慢性疼痛在中部地区更为常见（32.3%；p = 0.0008）。此外，慢性肿瘤疼痛在东北部更为频繁（29.6%），而慢性非肿瘤疼痛在中部地区报告更为频繁（33.9%；p = 0.0001）。不同地理区域报告的潜在疼痛疾病也有所不同；中部地区风湿性疼痛（21.8%）和神经性疼痛（18.6%）更为常见，而肌肉骨骼疼痛在南部显著更为频繁（43.4%；p = 0.004）。焦虑、睡眠障碍和躯体化在急性疼痛中出现（60.82%、43.56%和53.12%），而抑郁和情绪障碍在慢性疼痛情况下更常被检测到（p < 0.001）。
我们的研究显示意大利各地区在疼痛评估方面存在差异。对护士进行疼痛管理护理的专项教育至关重要。促进对疼痛患者的最佳护理是疼痛管理护理的主要重点。如今，护士应专注于个性化的综合护理和研究，以提高患者的生活质量。
