颅骨对脑部 CT 成像的影响：颅骨和脑部成像研究。
The effects of the skull on CT imaging of the brain: a skull and brain phantom study.
机构信息
Department of Radiology, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA, USA.
Department of Medical Health Physics, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA, USA.
出版信息
Br J Radiol. 2021 Mar 1;94(1119):20200714. doi: 10.1259/bjr.20200714. Epub 2021 Feb 3.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the effects of beam hardening by the skull on the measured radiodensity of the brain. To test a hypothesis that these effects of beam hardening are decreased using a monochromatic energy source.
METHODS
Selected clinical cases were reviewed in illustration. An anthropomorphic skull and brain phantom was created and scanned in a clinical CT scanner with skull, without skull, and with hemicraniectomy. The effects of beam hardening were illustrated by scanning the phantom with mono- and poly-chromatic X-ray sources.
RESULTS
In clinical cases, the HU values of the brain were consistently lower when the X-ray beam traversed the skull than when it did not. An anthropomorphic skull-and-brain phantom further demonstrated these effects, which were evident with a polychromatic energy source and absent with a virtual monochromatic energy source.
CONCLUSIONS
Beam hardening by the skull lowers the measured HU values of the brain. The effects, which can impact quantitative imaging, may be mitigated by a virtual monochromatic energy source.
ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE
Beam hardening by the skull lowers the measured radiodensity of the brain. The effects may be mitigated by a virtual monochromatic energy source.
目的
研究颅骨对脑测量密度的射线硬化的影响。测试一个假设，即使用单色能谱源可降低这些射线硬化的影响。
方法
通过选择临床病例进行说明。创建了一个人体颅骨和脑组织模型，并在具有颅骨、无颅骨和半颅骨切除术的临床 CT 扫描仪中进行了扫描。通过用单能和多能 X 射线源扫描模型来演示射线硬化的影响。
结果
在临床病例中，当 X 射线束穿过颅骨时，脑的 HU 值始终低于不穿过颅骨时的 HU 值。一个人体颅骨和脑组织模型进一步证明了这些影响，这些影响在多色能量源中很明显，而在虚拟单色能量源中则不存在。
结论
颅骨的射线硬化降低了脑的测量 HU 值。这些可能影响定量成像的影响，可以通过虚拟单色能谱源来减轻。
知识的进步
颅骨的射线硬化降低了脑的测量密度。这些影响可以通过虚拟单色能谱源来减轻。
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