Departamento de Estudos sobre Violência e Saúde Jorge Careli, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fiocruz. Av. Brasil 4036/700, Manguinhos. 21040-361 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil.
Cien Saude Colet. 2021 Jan;26(1):7-15. doi: 10.1590/1413-81232020261.30872020. Epub 2020 Aug 27.
The situation of caregivers and family caregivers of dependent older adults is presented and discussed, highlighting their dedication, problems, and possible recommendations to value them. The task of caring is known to be eminently feminine, invisible, unpaid, but affects society as a whole. Policies of some European countries, Canada, and the United States in favor of male and female caregivers are described. However, most existing support models have gaps. The laws and regulations enacted have been poorly comprehensive, inorganic, and the family remains responsible for long-lived relatives who have lost their autonomy. In many countries, besides other measures, the tendency is to integrate the family care as the first PHC level, universalizing support to caregivers. One must not be forgotten that the tendency to keep dependent older adults at home is acquiescence to their desire, but it also hides the delegation of responsibility from the State to families through dehospitalization and deinstitutionalization policies. In Brazil, the issue has not yet entered the public policy radar, although it is urgent because of the accelerated increase of the elderly population, particularly those aged 80 and over.
介绍和讨论了依赖老年人的照顾者和家庭照顾者的情况,强调了他们的奉献精神、问题和可能的建议,以重视他们。照顾的任务被认为是女性的、无形的、无报酬的,但却影响着整个社会。描述了一些欧洲国家、加拿大和美国支持男女照顾者的政策。然而,大多数现有的支持模式都存在差距。制定的法律法规不够全面、不系统,家庭仍然要为失去自主权的长期亲属负责。在许多国家,除了其他措施外,还倾向于将家庭护理作为初级卫生保健的第一级,普及对护理人员的支持。人们不应忘记,将依赖老年人留在家里的倾向是默许他们的愿望,但这也通过去医院化和去机构化政策将责任从国家转移到家庭。在巴西,这个问题尚未进入公共政策的雷达,尽管由于老年人口加速增长,特别是 80 岁及以上的老年人口增长,这个问题非常紧迫。