1Department of Community Health, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria.
2Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2021 Jan 20;104(3):1034-1040. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-1402.
COVID-19 in healthcare workers (HCWs) can result in nosocomial transmission, depletion in available workforce, and enhanced community transmission. This article describes surveillance for COVID-19 in HCWs at a tertiary healthcare facility, and documents the outcomes. A descriptive cross-sectional study of all HCWs identified from surveillance for COVID-19 from March 31 to August 31, 2020 was conducted. Healthcare workers were categorized as high risk and low risk using an adapted WHO Risk Assessment tool. Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab specimens obtained from high-risk subjects were tested by a reverse transcriptase PCR method. Data were analyzed with IBM SPSS version 25.0 software (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 25.0, Armonk, NY), and results were presented as frequencies and percentages. The level of significance was set at P < 0.05. During 5 months of surveillance, 1,466 HCWs with a mean age of 38.1 ± 9.7 years were identified as contacts. On risk assessment, 328 (22.4%) were adjudged high risk. High risk was associated with increasing age (P < 0.001), male gender (P = 0.001), and nonclinical staff (P = 0.002). Following testing, 78 (5.3%) in the high-risk category were confirmed to have COVID-19. There was no record of COVID-19 in HCWs adjudged low risk. Forty-four (56.4%) cases were epidemiologically linked to the community, 20 (25.7%) to patients, and 14 (17.9%) to another HCW. Surveillance and risk assessment are crucial to COVID-19 response in healthcare facilities and revealed HCW infections with predominantly nonoccupational epidemiological links in this study.
COVID-19 在医护人员（HCWs）中可导致医院内传播、可用劳动力减少和社区传播增强。本文描述了对一家三级医疗机构中 COVID-19 医护人员的监测情况，并记录了结果。对 2020 年 3 月 31 日至 8 月 31 日期间使用 COVID-19 监测识别的所有医护人员进行了描述性横断面研究。使用经过改编的世卫组织风险评估工具将医护人员分为高风险和低风险。对高风险人群的鼻咽和口咽拭子标本进行逆转录 PCR 方法检测。使用 IBM SPSS 版本 25.0 软件（IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows，Version 25.0，Armonk，NY）对数据进行分析，并以频率和百分比表示结果。显著性水平设为 P < 0.05。在 5 个月的监测期间，共确定了 1466 名平均年龄为 38.1 ± 9.7 岁的 HCWs 作为接触者。在风险评估中，328 人（22.4%）被判定为高风险。高风险与年龄增加（P < 0.001）、男性（P = 0.001）和非临床人员（P = 0.002）相关。在检测后，高风险组中有 78 人（5.3%）被确诊为 COVID-19。低风险组中没有 COVID-19 的记录。44 例（56.4%）病例与社区有关，20 例（25.7%）与患者有关，14 例（17.9%）与另一名 HCW 有关。监测和风险评估对医疗机构的 COVID-19 应对至关重要，本研究显示 HCW 感染主要与非职业性流行病学关联。
