1Trachoma Control Program, The Carter Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
2Trachoma Control Program, The Carter Center, Atlanta, Georgia.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2021 Jan 18;104(4):1278-1289. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-1365.
Trachoma control in the Amhara region of Ethiopia, where all districts were once endemic, began in 2001 and attained full scale-up of the Surgery, Antibiotics, Facial cleanliness, and Environmental improvement (SAFE) strategy by 2010. Since scaling up, the program has distributed approximately 14 million doses of antibiotic per year, implemented village- and school-based health education, and promoted latrine construction. This report aims to provide an update on the prevalence of trachoma among children aged 1-9 years as of the most recent impact or surveillance survey in all 160 districts of Amhara. As of 2019, 45 (28%) districts had a trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF) prevalence below the 5% elimination threshold. There was a statistically significant relationship between TF prevalence observed at the first impact survey (2010-2015) and eventual achievement of TF < 5% (2015-2019). Of the 26 districts with a first impact survey < 10% TF, 20 (76.9%) had < 5% TF at the most recent survey. Of the 75 districts with a first survey between 10% and 29.9% TF, 21 (28.0%) had < 5% TF at the most recent survey. Finally, among 59 districts ≥ 30% TF at the first survey, four (6.8%) had < 5% TF by 2019. As of 2019, 30 (18.8%) districts remained with TF ≥ 30%. Amhara has seen considerable reductions of trachoma since the start of the program. A strong commitment to the SAFE strategy coupled with data-driven enhancements to that strategy is necessary to facilitate timely elimination of trachoma as a public health problem regionally in Amhara and nationwide in Ethiopia.
埃塞俄比亚阿姆哈拉地区的沙眼控制始于 2001 年，2010 年全面实施了手术、抗生素、面部清洁和环境卫生改善（SAFE）战略。自扩大规模以来，该项目每年分发约 1400 万剂抗生素，实施了乡村和学校健康教育，并促进了厕所建设。本报告旨在提供截至最近的影响或监测调查中阿姆哈拉地区所有 160 个区 1-9 岁儿童沙眼流行情况的最新信息。截至 2019 年，45 个（28%）区沙眼滤泡性炎症（TF）流行率低于 5%的消除阈值。在第一次影响调查（2010-2015 年）中观察到的 TF 流行率与最终实现 TF<5%（2015-2019 年）之间存在统计学显著关系。在第一次影响调查中 TF<10%的 26 个区中，有 20 个（76.9%）区在最近的调查中 TF<5%。在第一次调查 TF 为 10%-29.9%的 75 个区中，有 21 个（28.0%）区在最近的调查中 TF<5%。最后，在第一次调查 TF≥30%的 59 个区中，到 2019 年有 4 个（6.8%）区 TF<5%。截至 2019 年，仍有 30 个区（18.8%）TF≥30%。自该项目启动以来，阿姆哈拉地区的沙眼发病率显著下降。坚定地承诺实施 SAFE 战略，并对该战略进行数据驱动的改进，对于在阿姆哈拉地区和埃塞俄比亚全国范围内及时消除沙眼这一公共卫生问题是必要的。
